Statistics Canada. Population projections for Canada (2018 to 2068), provinces and territories (2018 to 2043); 2019.
Google Scholar
Guralnik JM, Ferrucci L, Simonsick EM, Salive ME, Wallace RB. Lower-extremity function in persons over the age of 70 years as a predictor of subsequent disability. N Engl J Med. 1995;332:556–62.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Fried LP, Tangen CM, Walston J, et al. Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001;56:M146–M157.
Rockwood K, Song X, MacKnight C, et al. A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people. C Can Med Assoc J = J l’Association médicale Can. 2005;173:489–95.
Article
Google Scholar
Guideline for perioperative Care for People Living with frailty undergoing elective and emergency surgery. 1.0 ed. London: Centre for Perioperative Care; 2021.
McIsaac DI, Jen T, Mookerji N, Patel A, Lalu MM. Interventions to improve the outcomes of frail people having surgery: a systematic review. Quinn TJ, editor. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0190071.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
CAS
Google Scholar
Taylor RS, Brown A, Ebrahim S, et al. Exercise-based rehabilitation for patients with coronary heart disease: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Am J Med. 2004;116:682–92.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Parmenter BJ, Dieberg G, Smart NA. Exercise training for Management of Peripheral Arterial Disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2015;45:231–44.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Puhan MA, Gimeno-Santos E, Cates CJ, Troosters T. Pulmonary rehabilitation following exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;12:CD005305.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Van Gool CH, Penninx BWJH, Kempen GIJM, et al. Effects of exercise adherence on physical function among overweight older adults with knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis Care Res. 2005;53:24–32.
Article
Google Scholar
Després J, Ewing CA. American College of Sports Medicine position stand. The recommended quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, and flexibility in healthy adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998;30(6):975–91.
Google Scholar
Picorelli AMA, Pereira LSM, Pereira DS, Felício D, Sherrington C. Adherence to exercise programs for older people is influenced by program characteristics and personal factors: a systematic review. J Physiother. 2014;60:151–6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wolinsky FD, Stump TE, Clark DO. Antecedents and consequences of physical activity and exercise among older adults. Gerontologist. 1995;35:451–62.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jette AM, Rooks D, Lachman M, et al. Home-based resistance training: predictors of participation and adherence. Gerontologist. 1998;38:412–21.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Howze EH, Smith M, Digilio DA. Factors affecting the adoption of exercise behavior among sedentary older adults. Health Educ Res. 1989;4:173–80.
Article
Google Scholar
Rhodes RE, Martin AD, Taunton JE, Rhodes EC, Donnelly M, Elliot J. Factors associated with exercise An individual perspective. Sports Med. 1999;28:397–411.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Higgins J, Green S. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. 5.1.0The Cochrane Collaboration; 2011.
Google Scholar
Stroup DF, Berlin JA, Morton SC, et al. Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: a proposal for reporting. Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology (MOOSE) group. JAMA. 2000;283:2008–12.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Riley RD, Moons KGM, Snell KIE, et al. A guide to systematic review and meta-analysis of prognostic factor studies. BMJ. 2019;364:k4597.
Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG, The PRISMA Group. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6:e1000097.
McGowan J, Sampson M, Salzwedel DM, Cogo E, Foerster V, Lefebvre C. PRESS peer review of electronic search strategies: 2015 guideline statement. J Clin Epidemiol. 2016;75:40–6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jordan JL, Holden MA, Mason EE, Foster NE. Interventions to improve adherence to exercise for chronic musculoskeletal pain in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010;1:CD005956.
Crandall S, Howlett S, Keysor JJ. Exercise adherence interventions for adults with chronic musculoskeletal pain. Phys Ther. 2013;93:17–21.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Jordan JL, Foster NE, Holden MA, Mason EE. Interventions to improve adherence to exercise for chronic musculoskeletal pain in adults. In: Jordan JL, editor. Cochrane database Syst rev. Chichester: Wiley; 2006.
Google Scholar
Geneen LJ, Moore RA, Clarke C, Martin D, Colvin LA, Smith BH. Physical activity and exercise for chronic pain in adults: an overview of Cochrane reviews. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017;4:CD011279.
Nicolson PJA, Bennell KL, Dobson FL, Van Ginckel A, Holden MA, Hinman RS. Interventions to increase adherence to therapeutic exercise in older adults with low back pain and/or hip/knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med. 2017;51:791–9.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hayden JA, van der Windt DA, Cartwright JL, Co P. Assessing bias in studies of prognostic factors. Ann Intern Med. 2013;158:280–6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Huguet A, Hayden JA, Stinson J, et al. Judging the quality of evidence in reviews of prognostic factor research: adapting the GRADE framework. Syst Rev. 2013;2:71.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Ades PA, Waldmann ML, Mccann WJ, Weaver SO. Predictors of cardiac rehabilitation participation in older coronary patients. Arch Intern Med. 1992;152:1033–5.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Aherne TM, Kheirelseid EAH, Boland M, et al. Supervised exercise therapy in the management of peripheral arterial disease – An assessment of compliance. Vasa - Eur J Vasc Med. 2017;46:219–22.
Google Scholar
Brown AT, Hitchcock J, Schumann C, Wells JM, Dransfield MT, Bhatt SP. Determinants of successful completion of pulmonary rehabilitation in COPD. Int J COPD. 2016;11:391–7.
CAS
Google Scholar
Casey E, Hughes JW, Waechter D, Josephson R, Rosneck J. Depression predicts failure to complete phase-II cardiac rehabilitation. J Behav Med. 2008;31:421–31.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Covey MK, Collins EG, Reynertson SI, Dilling DF. Resistance training as a preconditioning strategy for enhancing aerobic exercise training outcomes in COPD. Respir Med. 2014;108:1141–52.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Cox KL, Flicker L, Almeida OP, et al. The FABS trial: a randomised control trial of the effects of a 6-month physical activity intervention on adherence and long-term physical activity and self-efficacy in older adults with memory complaints. Prev Med (Baltim). 2013;57:824–30.
Article
Google Scholar
Craike M, Gaskin CJ, Courneya KS, et al. Predictors of adherence to a 12-week exercise program among men treated for prostate cancer: ENGAGE study. Cancer Med. 2016;5:787–94.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Fan VS, Giardino ND, Blough DK, et al. Costs of pulmonary rehabilitation and predictors of adherence in the National Emphysema Treatment Trial. COPD J Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis. 2008;5:105–16.
Article
Google Scholar
Gallagher R, McKinley S, Dracup K. Predictors of women’s attendance at cardiac rehabilitation programs. Prog Cardiovasc Nurs. 2003;18:121–6.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hogg L, Garrod R, Thornton H, McDonnell L, Bellas H, White P. Effectiveness, attendance, and completion of an integrated, system-wide pulmonary rehabilitation service for COPD: prospective observational study. COPD J Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis. 2012;9:546–54.
Article
Google Scholar
Jensen BT, Laustsen S, Jensen JB, Borre M, Petersen AK. Exercise-based pre-habilitation is feasible and effective in radical cystectomy pathways—secondary results from a randomized controlled trial. Support Care Cancer. 2016;24:3325–31.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Karssemeijer EGA, Bossers WJR, Aaronson JA, Sanders LMJ, Kessels RPC, Olde Rikkert MGM. Exergaming as a physical exercise strategy reduces frailty in people with dementia: a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2019;20:1502 M.G.M. Olde Rikkert, Radboud University Medical Center, PO 9101 (hp 925), HB Nijmegen 6500, Netherlands. E-mail: Marcel.OldeRikkert@Radboudumc.nl.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Messer KL, Hines SH, Raghunathan TE, Seng JS, Diokno AC, Sampselle CM. Self-efficacy as a predictor to PFMT adherence in a prevention of urinary incontinence clinical trial. Health Educ Behav. 2007;34:942–52.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mudge A, Adsett J. Factors predicting successful transition to community-based maintenance exercise programs following exercise rehabilitation. Cardiopulm Phys Ther J. 2013;24:18–24.
Article
Google Scholar
Pakzad S, Charette Y, Bourque P. Liens entre la perception de la maladie cardiovasculaire et la participation aux programmes de réadaptation cardiaque : Une étude exploratoire. Can J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2013;23:19–25.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pandey A, Suskin N, Poirier P. The impact of burst exercise on Cardiometabolic status of patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Can J Cardiol Canadian Cardiovasc Soc. 2017;33:1645–51.
Google Scholar
Pickering RM, Fitton C, Ballinger C, Fazakarley L, Ashburn A. Self reported adherence to a home-based exercise programme among people with Parkinson’s disease. Park Relat Disord. 2013;19:66–71.
Article
Google Scholar
Rizk AK, Wardini R, Chan-Thim E, Bacon SL, Lavoie KL, Pepin V. Acute responses to exercise training and relationship with exercise adherence in moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chron Respir Dis. 2015;12:329–39.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Tiedemann A, Sherrington C, Dean CM, et al. Predictors of adherence to a structured exercise program and physical activity participation in community dwellers after stroke. Stroke Res Treat. 2012;2012:136525.
Tooth L, McKenna K, Colquhoun D. Prediction of compliance with a post-myocardial infarction home-based walking program. Aust Occup Ther J. 1993;40:17–22.
Article
Google Scholar
van Montfort E, Denollet J, Widdershoven J, Kupper N. Interrelation and independence of positive and negative psychological constructs in predicting general treatment adherence in coronary artery patients — results from the THORESCI study. J Psychosom Res. 2016;88:1–7.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Selzler AM, Simmonds L, Rodgers WM, Wong EYL, Stickland MK. Pulmonary rehabilitation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: predictors of program completion and success. COPD J Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis. 2012;9:538–45.
Article
Google Scholar
Selzler AM, Rodgers WM, Berry TR, Stickland MK. The importance of exercise self-efficacy for clinical outcomes in pulmonary rehabilitation. Rehabil Psychol. 2016;61:380–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bullard T, Ji M, An R, Trinh L, MacKenzie M, Mullen SP. A systematic review and meta-analysis of adherence to physical activity interventions among three chronic conditions: cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. BMC Public Health. 2019;19:1–11.
Article
Google Scholar
Morgan F, Battersby A, Weightman AL, et al. Adherence to exercise referral schemes by participants – what do providers and commissioners need to know? A systematic review of barriers and facilitators. BMC Public Health. 2016;16:227.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sheill G, Guinan E, Brady L, Hevey D, Hussey J. Exercise interventions for patients with advanced cancer: a systematic review of recruitment, attrition, and exercise adherence rates. Palliat Support Care. 2019;17:686–96.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Oxman TE, Berkman LF, Kasl S, Freeman DH, Barrett J. Social support and depressive symptoms in the elderly. Am J Epidemiol. 1992;135:356–68.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chou KL, Chi I. Social support exchange among elderly Chinese people and their family members in Hong Kong: a longitudinal study. Int J Aging Hum Dev. 2001;53:329–46.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Grav S, Hellzèn O, Romild U, Stordal E. Association between social support and depression in the general population: the HUNT study, a cross-sectional survey. J Clin Nurs. 2012;21:111–20.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Essery R, Geraghty AWA, Kirby S, Yardley L. Predictors of adherence to home-based physical therapies: a systematic review. Disabil Rehabil. 2017;39:519–34.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Husebø AML, Dyrstad SM, Søreide JA, Bru E. Predicting exercise adherence in cancer patients and survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of motivational and behavioural factors. J Clin Nurs. 2013;22:4–21.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wentzel KR, Wigfield A. Handbook of motivation at school. New York: Routledge; 2009.
Book
Google Scholar
McLean S, Holden MA, Potia T, et al. Quality and acceptability of measures of exercise adherence in musculoskeletal settings: a systematic review. Rheumatol (United Kingdom). 2017;56:426–38.
Google Scholar