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  1. Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is associated with a systemic inflammatory syndrome that adversely impacts cardiopulmonary function and can contribute to prolonged postoperative recovery. Int...

    Authors: Joel Bierer, David Horne, Roger Stanzel, Mark Henderson, Leah Boulos and Jill Hayden
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:265
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  2. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) and bleeding are serious and potentially fatal complications of surgical procedures. Pharmacological thromboprophylaxis decreases the risk of VTE but increases the risk of major po...

    Authors: Lauri I. Lavikainen, Gordon H. Guyatt, Yung Lee, Rachel J. Couban, Anna L. Luomaranta, Ville J. Sallinen, Ilkka E. J. Kalliala, Paul J. Karanicolas, Rufus Cartwright, Riikka L. Aaltonen, Kaisa Ahopelto, Karoliina M. Aro, Ines Beilmann-Lehtonen, Marco H. Blanker, Jovita L. Cárdenas, Samantha Craigie…
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:264
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  3. Scoping reviews are an increasingly common approach to evidence synthesis with a growing suite of methodological guidance and resources to assist review authors with their planning, conduct and reporting. The ...

    Authors: Micah D. J. Peters, Casey Marnie, Heather Colquhoun, Chantelle M. Garritty, Susanne Hempel, Tanya Horsley, Etienne V. Langlois, Erin Lillie, Kelly K. O’Brien, Ӧzge Tunçalp, Michael G. Wilson, Wasifa Zarin and Andrea C. Tricco
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:263
    Content type: Commentary Published on:

  4. To analyze the effectiveness and quality of stroke clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) published in recent years in order to guide future guideline developers to develop better guidelines.

    Authors: Shuya Lu, Xufei Luo, Xiaojia Ni, Haoxuan Li, Miaomiao Meng, Yefeng Cai, Yunlan Liu, Mengjuan Ren, Yanrui Sun and Yaolong Chen
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:262
    Content type: Research Published on:

  5. There is a growing interest in scaling effective health innovations to promote equitable access to high-quality health services worldwide. However, multiple challenges persist in scaling innovations. In this s...

    Authors: France Légaré, Karine V. Plourde, Ali Ben Charif, Amédé Gogovor, Francesca Katherine Brundisini, Robert K. D. McLean, Andrew Milat, Nathalie Rheault, Luke Wolfenden and Hervé Tchala Vignon Zomahoun
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:261
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  6. Citizen engagement in research is an emerging practice that involves members of the general public in research processes such as priority setting, planning, decision-making, research conduct, implementation, e...

    Authors: Anmol Shahid, Brianna K. Rosgen, Karla D. Krewulak, Diane L. Lorenzetti, Nadine Foster, Bonnie G. Sept, Jeanna Parsons Leigh, Henry T. Stelfox and Kirsten M. Fiest
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:260
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  7. Adult scoliosis represents a distinct subgroup of scoliosis patients for whom the diagnosis can have a large impact on their health-related quality of life (HR-QOL). Therefore, HR-QOL patient-reported outcome ...

    Authors: James E. Archer, Charles Baird, Adrian Gardner, Alison B. Rushton and Nicola R. Heneghan
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:259
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  8. Public safety occupations are well-recognized to be dangerous and stressful. Despite recent attention on post-traumatic stress injuries among public safety personnel, there has been considerably less attention...

    Authors: Janette Leroux, Rachel Richmond, Sara Fitzpatrick, Hannah Kirkland, Deborah Norris, Alyson Mahar, Joy MacDermid, Rachel Dekel and Heidi Cramm
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:258
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  9. The stressful nature of medical training and other work-related factors put postgraduate medical trainees at high risk of burnout and poor psychological wellbeing. This has negative implications for patient ca...

    Authors: Belinda Balhatchet, Heike Schütze, Nicole Williams and Bruce Ashford
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:257
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  10. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are health problems that demonstrate high death and prevalence rates, and exhibit large health inequalities across different socio-economic status. Although interest in community...

    Authors: Juhyeon Yang, Eunsim Kim and Bohyun Park
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:256
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  11. Knowledge translation (KT) is an important means of improving the health service quality. Most research on the effectiveness of KT strategies has focused on individual strategies, i.e., those directly targetin...

    Authors: Karine Latulippe, Annie LeBlanc, Marie-Pierre Gagnon, Katia Boivin, Pascale Lavoie, Joëlle Dufour, Emmanuelle Paquette Raynard, Eve Richard and Marie-Ève Lamontagne
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:255
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  12. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is an increasing public health problem that can lead to persistent symptoms that have several functional consequences. Understanding the prognosis of a condition is an import...

    Authors: Julien Déry, Élaine De Guise, Ève-Line Bussières and Marie-Eve Lamontagne
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:254
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  13. The upper respiratory tract of children is colonized by various microbial species during the healthy state, whereas the lungs are believed to be sterile. In children with respiratory infections, micro-organism...

    Authors: Richa Rao, Jeanne M. Dsouza and Joseph L. Mathew
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:253
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  14. Dementia prevalence is increasing globally and yet evidence suggest that gaps exist in dementia-specific knowledge among health and social care practitioners. Technological modes of educational delivery may be...

    Authors: Kevin Muirhead, Leah Macaden, Keith Smyth, Colin Chandler, Charlotte Clarke, Rob Polson and Chris O’Malley
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:252
    Content type: Research Published on:

  15. Adults with learning disabilities have an increased disposition to unhealthy lifestyle behaviours which often occur simultaneously. Existing studies focus on complex interventions targeting unhealthy diet, phy...

    Authors: Dikshyanta Rana, Sophie Westrop, Evi Germeni, Arlene McGarty, Louisa Ells, Phillippa Lally, Michael McEwan, Craig Melville, Leanne Harris and Olivia Wu
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:251
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  16. Serious mental illnesses (SMI) such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder first develop between ages 14 and 25. Once diagnosed, young peoples’ health can deteriorate, and it is therefore vital to detect this e...

    Authors: Lindsay H. Dewa, Arturas Kalniunas, Stephen Orleans-Foli, Sofia Pappa and Paul Aylin
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:250
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have significant immunomodulatory and tissue repair capabilities, mediated partly by conditioned media or through secreted extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs). Infection with SARS...

    Authors: Aidan M. Kirkham, Madeline Monaghan, Adrian J. M. Bailey, Risa Shorr, Manoj M. Lalu, Dean A. Fergusson and David S. Allan
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:249
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  18. The number of individuals with a visual impairment in the UK was estimated a few years ago to be around 1.8 million. People can be visually impaired from birth, childhood, early adulthood or later in life. Tho...

    Authors: Sally J. Giles, Maria Panagioti, Lisa Riste, Sudeh Cheraghi-Sohi, Penny Lewis, Isabel Adeyemi, Karen Davies, Rebecca Morris, Denham Phipps, Christine Dickenson, Darren Ashcroft and Caroline Sanders
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:248
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  19. Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with structural brain abnormalities. Studies have reported less cerebral tissue and more cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in individuals with AN relative to healthy controls, altho...

    Authors: Melissa J Dreier, Avery L. Van De Water, Danielle L. Kahn, Kendra R. Becker, Kamryn T. Eddy, Jennifer J. Thomas, Laura M. Holsen, Elizabeth A. Lawson, Madhusmita Misra, Amanda E. Lyall and Lauren Breithaupt
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:247
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  20. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension statement for network meta-analysis (NMA) published in 2015 promotes comprehensive reporting in published systematic re...

    Authors: Areti Angeliki Veroniki, Sofia Tsokani, Stella Zevgiti, Irene Pagkalidou, Katerina-Maria Kontouli, Pinar Ambarcioglu, Nikos Pandis, Carole Lunny, Adriani Nikolakopoulou, Theodoros Papakonstantinou, Anna Chaimani, Sharon E. Straus, Brian Hutton, Andrea C. Tricco, Dimitris Mavridis and Georgia Salanti
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:246
    Content type: Research Published on:

  21. In many units around the world, microsurgical free-tissue transfer represents the gold standard for reconstruction of significant soft tissue defects following cancer, trauma or infection. However, many recons...

    Authors: Henry T. de Berker, Urška Čebron, Daniel Bradley, Vinod Patel, Meklit Berhane, Fernando Almas, Gary Walton, Mekonen Eshete, Mark McGurk, Dominique Martin and Calum Honeyman
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:245
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  22. The use of process evaluations is a growing area of interest in research groups working on complex interventions. This methodology tries to understand how the intervention was implemented to inform policy and ...

    Authors: María Lazo-Porras, Hueiming Liu, J. Jaime Miranda, Graham Moore, Mafalda Burri, François Chappuis, Pablo Perel and David Beran
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:244
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  23. Conflicting findings and the analysis of unpublished and retracted data have led to controversy on the safety of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers in people with COVID-...

    Authors: Malindu E. Fernando, Aaron Drovandi and Jonathan Golledge
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:243
    Content type: Research Published on:

  24. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is accelerated by the widespread and often indiscriminate use of antimicrobials in humans, animals, and the environment. In 2015, the World Health Organization recognised AMR as ...

    Authors: Aparna Ananthakrishnan, Chris Painter and Yot Teerawattananon
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:242
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  25. Back pain is a widespread health problem that accounts for substantial disability and high costs. The workplace is considered to critically affect the occurrence and persistence of back pain and therefore offe...

    Authors: Angelika Eisele-Metzger, Daria S. Schoser, Kathrin Grummich, Guido Schwarzer, Lukas Schwingshackl, Bianca Biallas, Christiane Wilke, Joerg J. Meerpohl and Cordula Braun
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:241
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  26. Relative to their counterparts in the general population, young people who leave, or transition out of, out-of-home (OOHC) arrangements commonly experience poorer outcomes across a range of indicators, includi...

    Authors: David J. A. Taylor, Aron Shlonsky, Bianca Albers, Sangita Chakraborty, Jane Lewis, Phillip Mendes, Geraldine Macdonald and Kevin Williams
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:240
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  27. Adolescence and young adulthood is a risk period for the emergence of mental disorders. There is strong evidence that psychotherapeutic interventions are effective for most mental disorders. However, very litt...

    Authors: Eleni Vousoura, Vera Gergov, Bogdan Tudor Tulbure, Nigel Camilleri, Andrea Saliba, LuisJoaquin Garcia-Lopez, Ioana R. Podina, Tamara Prevendar, Henriette Löffler-Stastka, Giuseppe Augusto Chiarenza, Martin Debbané, Silvana Markovska-Simoska, Branka Milic, Sandra Torres, Randi Ulberg and Stig Poulsen
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:239
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  28. While one in three women around the world are estimated to have experienced intimate partner or sexual violence, these rates are often exacerbated during conflict and humanitarian crisis. This systematic revie...

    Authors: Maureen Murphy, Mary Ellsberg, Aminat Balogun and Claudia Garcia-Moreno
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:238
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  29. In pediatric palliative care (PPC), there is a need to involve the child’s voice in situations regarding their symptoms and care needs. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) can be tools to systematically ...

    Authors: Heidi Holmen, Anette Winger, Simen A. Steindal, Charlotte Castor, Lisbeth Gravdal Kvarme, Kirsti Riiser, Kari L. Mariussen and Anja Lee
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:237
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  30. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are critical in health-related decision-making, and are considered the gold standard in research synthesis methods. However, with new trials being regularly published and w...

    Authors: Julieta Sabates, Sylvie Belleville, Mary Castellani, Tzvi Dwolatzky, Benjamin M. Hampstead, Amit Lampit, Sharon Simon, Kaarin Anstey, Belinda Goodenough, Serafino Mancuso, Davis Marques, Richard Sinnott and Alex Bahar-Fuchs
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:236
    Content type: Methodology Published on:

  31. “Assessing risk of bias in human environmental epidemiology studies using three tools: different conclusions from different tools,” a recent publication in this journal, applied the study evaluation approach d...

    Authors: Elizabeth G. Radke, Barbara S. Glenn and Andrew D. Kraft
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:235
    Content type: Letter Published on:

  32. Several comorbidity indices have been created to estimate and adjust for the burden of comorbidity. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate and compare the ability of different comorbidity indi...

    Authors: Per Hviid Gundtoft, Mari Jørstad, Julie Ladeby Erichsen, Hagen Schmal and Bjarke Viberg
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:234
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. Many randomized controlled trials fail to reach their target sample size. When coupled with the omission and underrepresentation of disadvantaged groups in randomized controlled trials, many trials fail to obt...

    Authors: Abigail LaPlante, Renata W. Yen, Talia Isaacs, Joanna Crocker, Zsofia Demjen, Danielle Schubbe, Alice M. Kennedy, Jaclyn Engel, Nancy O’Brien, Carla Richters and Marie-Anne Durand
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:233
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  34. Suicide is a leading cause of death in children and youth, with suicidal thoughts and suicide attempts (referred to as non-fatal suicidal behaviors (NFSB)) being among its strongest predictors. Positive parent...

    Authors: Florence Perquier, Sarah Hetrick, Terri Rodak, Xin Jing, Wei Wang, Katherine T. Cost, Peter Szatmari and Madison Aitken
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:232
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  35. Sarcomas are a rare and heterogeneous group of tumors originating from mesenchymal or connective tissue. They represent less than 1% of all adult cancers. The etiology and epidemiology of sarcomas remain under...

    Authors: D. Edwards, A. Voronina, K. Attwood and A. Grand’Maison
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:231
    Content type: Systematic review update Published on:

  37. Although measures have been put in place, musculoskeletal injuries are noticeable high among the nursing fraternity with low back pain (LBP) being the most prevalent. It is evident that healthcare professional...

    Authors: Kagiso Kgakge, Mbuzeleni Hlongwa and Themba Ginindza
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:229
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  38. Parents can be psychologically impacted when their children are diagnosed with eye diseases, such as blindness, strabismus, and eye cancer. Stress can reduce the quality of parental care and may be linked to t...

    Authors: Julio Cesar Souza-Silva, Cleusa Alves Martins, Marco Túlio Antônio Garciazapata and Maria Alves Barbosa
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:228
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  39. Major depressive disorder is a common psychiatric disorder causing great burden on patients and societies. Tricyclic antidepressants are frequently used worldwide to treat patients with major depressive disord...

    Authors: Caroline Kamp Jørgensen, Sophie Juul, Faiza Siddiqui, Marija Barbateskovic, Klaus Munkholm, Michael Pascal Hengartner, Irving Kirsch, Christian Gluud and Janus Christian Jakobsen
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:227
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  40. The General Movements Assessment is a non-invasive and cost-effective tool with demonstrated reliability for identifying infants at risk for cerebral palsy. Early detection of cerebral palsy allows for the imp...

    Authors: Judy Seesahai, Maureen Luther, Paige Terrien Church, Patricia Maddalena, Elizabeth Asztalos, Thomas Rotter and Rudaina Banihani
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:226
    Content type: Research Published on:

  41. The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has high morbidity and mortality. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is commonly used in patients with ARDS but the best method to select the optimal PEEP le...

    Authors: Manuel Tisminetzky, Jose Dianti, Bruno L. Ferreyro, Federico Angriman, Lorenzo Del Sorbo, Sachin Sud, Daniel Talmor, Eddy Fan, Niall D. Ferguson, Ary Serpa Neto, Neill K. J. Adhikari and Ewan C. Goligher
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:225
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  42. Research suggests that childhood psychological maltreatment (i.e., emotional abuse and emotional neglect) is associated with mental health problems that persist into adulthood, for example anxiety, depression,...

    Authors: Zhuoni Xiao, Mina Murat Baldwin, Franziska Meinck, Ingrid Obsuth and Aja Louise Murray
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:224
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  45. Hospitals operate under constant pressure to contain costs and improve the quality of care. The literature suggests that there is an association between health care providers’ financial performance and the qua...

    Authors: Katarzyna Dubas-Jakóbczyk, Ewa Kocot, Marzena Tambor and Wilm Quentin
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:221
    Content type: Protocol Published on:

  46. Hypertension has become an important public health concern in the developing world owing to rising prevalence and its adverse impact on ailing health systems. Despite being a modifiable risk factor for cardiov...

    Authors: Fidelis Atibila, Gill ten Hoor, Emmanuel Timmy Donkoh, Abdul Iddrisu Wahab and Gerjo Kok
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:220
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. N95 respiratory protection masks are used by healthcare professionals to prevent contamination from infectious microorganisms transmitted by droplets or aerosols.

    Authors: Livia Fernandes Probst, Ana Tereza Gomes Guerrero, Andréia Insabralde de Queiroz Cardoso, Antonio Jose Grande, Mariana Garcia Croda, James Venturini, Maria Cristina de Camargo Fonseca, Anamaria Mello Miranda Paniago, Jorge Otávio Maia Barreto and Sandra Maria do Vale Leone de Oliveira
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:219
    Content type: Research Published on:

  48. Celiac disease (CD) is one of the most common gluten-related disorders. Although the only effective treatment is a strict gluten-free diet, doubts remain as to whether healthcare professionals take this restri...

    Authors: Irene Lizano-Díez, Eduardo L. Mariño and Pilar Modamio
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:218
    Content type: Systematic review update Published on:

  50. Although oral opioid agonist therapies (OATs), buprenorphine and methadone, are effective first-line treatments, OAT remains largely underutilized due to low retention rates and wide variation across programs....

    Authors: Jan Klimas, Michee-Ana Hamilton, Lauren Gorfinkel, Ahmed Adam, Walter Cullen and Evan Wood
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2021 10:216
    Content type: Research Published on:
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