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  1. The role of vitamin D in management of depression is unclear. Results from observational and emerging randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy of vitamin D in depression lack consistency ...

    Authors: Guowei Li, Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Zainab Samaan, Shiyuan Zhang, Jonathan D Adachi, Alexandra Papaioannou and Lehana Thabane
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:64
  2. Most patients who sustain mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) have persistent symptoms at 1 week and 1 month after injury. This systematic review investigated the effectiveness of interventions initiated in acu...

    Authors: Jocelyn Gravel, Antonio D’Angelo, Benoit Carrière, Louis Crevier, Miriam H Beauchamp, Jean-Marc Chauny, Maggy Wassef and Nils Chaillet
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:63
  3. The purpose of the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) research group project is to establish an individual patient-level database from high quality studies of ONSD ultrasonography for the detection of raised i...

    Authors: Julie Dubourg, Mahmoud Messerer, Dimitrios Karakitsos, Venkatakrishna Rajajee, Erik Antonsen, Etienne Javouhey, Alessandro Cammarata, Michael Cotton, Roy Thomas Daniel, Carmelo Denaro, Emmanuel Douzinas, Clément Dubost, Moncef Berhouma, Behrouz Kassai, Muriel Rabilloud, Antonino Gullo…
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:62
  4. Health professionals and policymakers aspire to make healthcare decisions based on the entire relevant research evidence. This, however, can rarely be achieved because a considerable amount of research finding...

    Authors: Katharina Felicitas Mueller, Joerg J Meerpohl, Matthias Briel, Gerd Antes, Erik von Elm, Britta Lang, Viktoria Gloy, Edith Motschall, Guido Schwarzer and Dirk Bassler
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:60
  5. Rehabilitation interventions are a key component of the services required by individuals with neurotrauma to recover or compensate for altered abilities and achieve optimal social participation. Primary studie...

    Authors: Marie-Eve Lamontagne, Cynthia Gagnon, Anne-Sophie Allaire and Luc Noreau
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:59
  6. Despite strong indications that fatigue is the most common and debilitating symptom after traumatic brain injury, little is known about its frequency, natural history, or relation to other factors. The current...

    Authors: Tatyana Mollayeva, Tetyana Kendzerska, Shirin Mollayeva, Colin M Shapiro, Angela Colantonio and J David Cassidy
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:57
  7. The evidence that higher levels of physical activity and/or lower levels of physical inactivity are associated with beneficial health-related outcomes stems mainly from observational studies. Findings from the...

    Authors: David Nunan, Kamal R Mahtani, Nia Roberts and Carl Heneghan
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:56
  8. Each year, 287,000 women die from complications related to pregnancy or childbirth, and 3.8 million newborns die before reaching 28 days of life. The near totality (99%) of maternal and neonatal deaths occurs ...

    Authors: Étienne V Langlois, Malgorzata Miszkurka, Daniela Ziegler, Igor Karp and Maria Victoria Zunzunegui
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:55
  9. Based on small to moderate effect sizes for the wide range of symptomatic treatments in osteoarthritis (OA), and on the heterogeneity of OA patients, treatment guidelines for OA have stressed the need for rese...

    Authors: Marienke van Middelkoop, Krysia S Dziedzic, Michael Doherty, Weiya Zhang, Johannes W Bijlsma, Timothy E McAlindon, Stefan L Lohmander and Sita MA Bierma-Zeinstra
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:54
  10. To identify demographic and clinical characteristics associated with cases of hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL) in patients with Crohn’s disease, and to assess strength of evidence for a causal relationshi...

    Authors: Saranya A Selvaraj, Elizabeth Chairez, Lisa M Wilson, Mark Lazarev, Eric B Bass and Susan Hutfless
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:53
  11. Compared to subgroup analyses in a single study or in a traditional meta-analysis, an individual patient data meta-analysis (IPDMA) offers important potential advantages. We studied how many IPDMAs report on s...

    Authors: Gerjon Hannink, Hein G Gooszen, Cornelis JHM van Laarhoven and Maroeska M Rovers
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:52
  12. The identification of eligible controlled trials for systematic reviews of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) interventions can be difficult. To increase access to these difficult to locate trials, t...

    Authors: L Susan Wieland, Eric Manheimer, Margaret Sampson, Jabez Paul Barnabas, Lex M Bouter, Kiho Cho, Myeong Soo Lee, Xun Li, Jianping Liu, David Moher, Tetsuro Okabe, Elizabeth D Pienaar, Byung-Cheul Shin, Prathap Tharyan, Kiichiro Tsutani, Daniëlle A van der Windt…
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:51
  13. Hysterosalpingosonography has been suggested as a less invasive alternative to hysterosalpingography for detecting tubal occlusion among subfertile women. We aim to determine the diagnostic accuracy of hystero...

    Authors: Sarah Maheux-Lacroix, Amélie Boutin, Lynne Moore, Marie-Ève Bergeron, Emmanuel Bujold, Philippe Y Laberge, Madeleine Lemyre and Sylvie Dodin
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:50
  14. There is a growing demand for services whereby individuals receive assistance from care workers for personal care within the home. This has led to the development of re-ablement or restorative homecare service...

    Authors: Phillip J Whitehead, Avril ER Drummond, Marion F Walker and Ruth H Parry
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:49
  15. Shared decision making in pediatrics is unique because it often involves active participation of both the child or adolescent patient and his or her caregiver(s) in the decision making process with the clinici...

    Authors: Kirk D Wyatt, Gabriela Prutsky Lopez, Juan Pablo Domecq Garces, Patricia Erwin, William B Brinkman, Victor M Montori and Annie LeBlanc
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:48
  16. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) results from insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency. T2DM treatment is a step-wise approach beginning with lifestyle modifications (for example, diet, exercise), fol...

    Authors: Andrea C Tricco, Jesmin Antony, Charlene Soobiah, Brenda Hemmelgarn, David Moher, Brian Hutton, Catherine H Yu, Sumit R Majumdar and Sharon E Straus
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:47
  17. Serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonists are a class of antiemetic medications often used to prevent nausea and vomiting among patients undergoing chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery. However, recent studies s...

    Authors: Andrea C Tricco, Charlene Soobiah, Jesmin Antony, Brenda Hemmelgarn, David Moher, Brian Hutton and Sharon E Straus
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:46
  18. Patients undergoing surgery or chemotherapy often experience nausea and vomiting. To increase their quality of life and treatment satisfaction, antiemetic medication, such as serotonin receptor antagonists, is...

    Authors: Andrea C Tricco, Charlene Soobiah, Jesmin Antony, Brenda Hemmelgarn, David Moher, Brian Hutton and Sharon E Straus
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:45
  19. Hypertension has been cited as the most common attributable risk factor for death worldwide, and in Canada more than one of every five adults had this diagnosis in 2007. In addition to different lifestyle modi...

    Authors: Brian Hutton, Jennifer Tetzlaff, Fatemeh Yazdi, Justin Thielman, Salmaan Kanji, Dean Fergusson, Lise Bjerre, Edward Mills, Kristian Thorlund, Andrea Tricco, Sharon Straus, David Moher and Frans HH Leenen
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:44
  20. At the Rio Summit in 2011 on Social Determinants of Health, the global community recognized a pressing need to take action on reducing health inequities. This requires an improved evidence base on the effects ...

    Authors: Vivian A Welch, Mark Petticrew, Jennifer O’Neill, Elizabeth Waters, Rebecca Armstrong, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Damian Francis, Tracey Perez Koehlmoos, Elizabeth Kristjansson, Tomas Pantoja and Peter Tugwell
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:43
  21. Poor reporting of medical trials has triggered the development of trial reporting standards within the scientific community. In addition to a description of the proposed intervention, adequate information abou...

    Authors: Rachel Harper, Simon Lewin, Claire Glenton and Juan Pablo Peña-Rosas
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:42
  22. An estimated $100 billion is lost to ‘waste’ in biomedical research globally, annually, much of which comes from the poor quality of published research. One area of waste involves bias in reporting research, w...

    Authors: James Galipeau, David Moher, Becky Skidmore, Craig Campbell, Paul Hendry, D William Cameron, Paul C Hébert and Anita Palepu
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:41
  23. Botulinum toxin A is a commonly used biological medication in the field of facial plastic surgery. Currently, there are three distinct formulations of botulinum toxin A, each with their purported benefits and ...

    Authors: James P Bonaparte, David Ellis, Jason G Quinn, Mohammed T Ansari, Jessica Rabski and Shaun J Kilty
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:40
  24. Late intestinal toxicity after radiotherapy (LITAR) not only limits the radiation dose, which subsequently leads to unfavorable clinical outcomes, but also significantly lowers the quality of life in an increa...

    Authors: Qiyuan Qin, Qingshan Huang, Qinghua Zhong, Xinjuan Fan, Dianke Chen and Lei Wang
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:39
  25. Falls are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Although numerous trials of falls prevention interventions have been completed, there is extensive variation in their intervention componen...

    Authors: Andrea C Tricco, Elise Cogo, Jayna Holroyd-Leduc, Kathryn M Sibley, Fabio Feldman, Gillian Kerr, Sumit R Majumdar, Susan Jaglal and Sharon E Straus
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:38
  26. Diagnosis of early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) followed by curative resection or liver transplantation offers the best chance for long-term patient survival. Clinically, ultrasonography has suboptimal...

    Authors: Ting-Shuo Huang, Yu-Chiau Shyu, Robin Turner, Huang-Yang Chen and Pei-Jer Chen
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:37
  27. Systematic reviews provide a synthesis of evidence for practitioners, for clinical practice guideline developers, and for those designing and justifying primary research. Having an up-to-date and comprehensive...

    Authors: Elaine M Beller, Joyce Kee-Hsin Chen, Una Li-Hsiang Wang and Paul P Glasziou
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:36
  28. The systematic review on which this paper is based provided evidence for the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care to update their guideline regarding screening for cervical cancer. In this article we ...

    Authors: Leslea Peirson, Donna Fitzpatrick-Lewis, Donna Ciliska and Rachel Warren
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:35
  29. Selective publication of studies, which is commonly called publication bias, is widely recognized. Over the years a new nomenclature for other types of bias related to non-publication or distortion related to ...

    Authors: Katharina Felicitas Müller, Matthias Briel, Alexandra D’Amario, Jos Kleijnen, Ana Marusic, Elizabeth Wager, Gerd Antes, Erik von Elm, Britta Lang, Edith Motschall, Viktoria Gloy, Guido Schwarzer, Doug Altman, Joerg J Meerpohl and Dirk Bassler
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:34
  30. There is currently only one clinically approved drug, tissue plasminogen activator (tPA), for the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke. The RhoA pathway, including RhoA and its downstream effector Rho kinase (R...

    Authors: Hanna M Vesterinen, Gillian L Currie, Samantha Carter, Sarah Mee, Ralf Watzlawick, Kieren J Egan, Malcolm R Macleod and Emily S Sena
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:33
  31. Cochrane reviews are one of the best known and most trusted sources of evidence-based information in health care. While steps have been taken to make Cochrane intervention reviews accessible to a diverse reade...

    Authors: Zhivko Zhelev, Ruth Garside and Christopher Hyde
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:32
  32. Fear of crime is associated with negative health and wellbeing outcomes, and may mediate some impacts of the built environment on public health. A range of environmental interventions have been hypothesized to...

    Authors: Theo Lorenc, Mark Petticrew, Margaret Whitehead, David Neary, Stephen Clayton, Kath Wright, Hilary Thomson, Steven Cummins, Amanda Sowden and Adrian Renton
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:30
  33. Successful chronic care self-management requires adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors, but many healthcare-based health promotion interventions have resulted in small and unsustainable changes in patient b...

    Authors: Amy E Bodde, Nathan D Shippee, Carl R May, Frances S Mair, Patricia J Erwin, M Hassan Murad and Victor M Montori
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:29
  34. The aim of these reviews is to inform the design and content of interventions to reduce obesity in young children. The behaviors that are associated with obesity/overweight have been studied extensively; howev...

    Authors: Rajalakshmi Lakshman, Veena Mazarello Paes, Kathryn Hesketh, Claire O’Malley, Helen Moore, Ken Ong, Simon Griffin, Esther van Sluijs and Carolyn Summerbell
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:28
  35. Socioeconomic inequalities in obesity and associated risk factors for obesity are widening throughout developed countries worldwide. Tackling obesity is high on the public health agenda both in the United King...

    Authors: Clare L Bambra, Frances C Hillier, Helen J Moore, Joanne-Marie Cairns-Nagi and Carolyn D Summerbell
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:27
  36. Ensuring high quality care for persons with diabetes remains a challenge for healthcare systems globally with consistent evidence of suboptimal care and outcomes. There is increasing interest in quality improv...

    Authors: Julia Worswick, S Carolyn Wayne, Rachel Bennett, Michelle Fiander, Alain Mayhew, Michelle C Weir, Katrina J Sullivan and Jeremy M Grimshaw
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:26
  37. Pregabalin is used in the treatment of postherpetic neuralgia, diabetic neuropathic pain, partial seizures, anxiety disorders and fibromyalgia. Recognized adverse effects associated with its use include cognit...

    Authors: Joanne M Ho, Andrea C Tricco, Laure Perrier, Maggie Chen, David N Juurlink and Sharon E Straus
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:25
  38. Meta-analyses are particularly vulnerable to the effects of publication bias. Despite methodologists’ best efforts to locate all evidence for a given topic the most comprehensive searches are likely to miss un...

    Authors: Christine Schmucker, Annette Bluemle, Matthias Briel, Susan Portalupi, Britta Lang, Edith Motschall, Guido Schwarzer, Dirk Bassler, Katharina F Mueller, Erik von Elm and Joerg J Meerpohl
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:24
  39. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of pre-clinical studies, in vivo animal experiments in particular, can influence clinical care. Publication bias is one of the major threats of validity in systematic reviews ...

    Authors: Matthias Briel, Katharina F Müller, Joerg J Meerpohl, Erik von Elm, Britta Lang, Edith Motschall, Viktoria Gloy, Francois Lamontagne, Guido Schwarzer and Dirk Bassler
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:23
  40. Statins are known to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in primary and secondary prevention studies. Subsequently, a number of nonrandomised studies have shown statins improve clinical outcomes in p...

    Authors: Kwadwo Osei Bonsu, Amudha Kadirvelu and Daniel Diamond Reidpath
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:22
  41. Systematic reviewers may encounter a multiplicity of outcome data in the reports of randomised controlled trials included in the review (for example, multiple measurement instruments measuring the same outcome...

    Authors: Matthew J Page, Joanne E McKenzie, Sally E Green and Andrew B Forbes
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:21
  42. The arts are powerful, accessible forms of communication that have the potential to impart knowledge by attracting interest and developing meaningful connections. Knowledge translation aims to reduce the ‘evid...

    Authors: Shannon D Scott, Pamela Brett-MacLean, Mandy Archibald and Lisa Hartling
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:19
  43. Fibromyalgia is associated with substantial socioeconomic loss and, despite considerable research including numerous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews, there exists uncertainty regardi...

    Authors: Jason W Busse, Shanil Ebrahim, Gaelan Connell, Eric A Coomes, Paul Bruno, Keshena Malik, David Torrance, Trung Ngo, Karin Kirmayr, Daniel Avrahami, John J Riva, Peter Struijs, David Brunarski, Stephen J Burnie, Frances LeBlanc, Ivan A Steenstra…
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:18
  44. Primary informal caregivers provide a substantial amount of the care and support for persons with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This review aims to investigate the association between the quality of life (QoL) of ...

    Authors: Afeez Abiola Hazzan, Jenny Ploeg, Harry Shannon, Parminder Raina and Mark Oremus
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:17
  45. The benefits of aspirin as an anti-platelet agent are well established; however, there has been much debate about the lack of uniformity in the efficacy of aspirin to inhibit platelet function. In some patient...

    Authors: Smriti Raichand, David Moore, Richard D Riley, Marie Lordkipanidzé, Janine Dretzke, Jennifer O’Donnell, Sue Jowett, Sue Bayliss and David A Fitzmaurice
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:16
  46. Black and Minority Ethnic (BME) groups in receipt of specialist mental health care have reported higher rates of detention under the mental health act, less use of psychological therapies, and more dissatisfac...

    Authors: Kamaldeep Bhui, Rosemarie McCabe, Scott Weich, Swaran Singh, Mark Johnson and Ala Szczepura
    Citation: Systematic Reviews 2013 2:15

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