Table 3 CMO configuration 1

Context

Model of guiding principles integrated into all fractions of adolescent life (e.g. schools, policy, community, family)

Mechanism triggered

(1) Icelandic Prevention Model [84]

(2) Icelandic Prevention Model delivered in Chile [51]

(3) Icelandic Prevention Model delivered in Lithuania [52]

(4) Communities that Care Australia [63]

(5) Fighting Back (2002) [23]

(6) New Directions (2005) [20]

(7) Project Freedom (Wichita) [74]

Mechanism not triggered

(1) Connect to Protect (C2P) Thailand [54]

(2) Communities that Care UK [67]

(3) Communities that Care Scottish Pilot [68]

(4) Communities that Care Pennsylvania (2015) [55]

(5) Communities that Care (CYDS) (2009) [59]

(6) Community Prevention and Wellness Initiative (CPWI) (2020) [53]

(7) TOGETHER CTC Oregon (1992) [69]

(8) Kentucky Initiatives for Prevention (2007) [71]

(9) Project Freedom Lawrence (2004) [72]

(10) Red de Coaliciones Comunitarias de Mexico [79]

(11) PROSPER (2007) [76]

(12) The Gloucester Prevention Network (1997) [83]

(13) Communities that Care (The Netherlands) [64]

Mechanism

Empowerment, support and collaboration—being able to choose what works best for different areas of communities while also being able to stick to a set of principles. Working together across society on a set of principles leading to strong community collaboration.

Outcome

Positive risk and protective factor outcomes and health risk behaviour outcomes through creating an environment where all domains of the community are working towards health risk behaviour prevention.