Table 4 Quality assessment of the selected studies by Prediction model Risk-of-Bias Assessment Tool (PROBAST)
Author/year | Risk of bias | Application | Overall assessment | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Participants | Predictors | Outcomes | Analysis | Participants | Predictors | Outcomes | ROB | Applicability | |
Sico/2017 [23] | + | - | + | − | − | − | + | − | − |
Brown/2020 [25] | + | + | + | − | + | + | + | − | − |
Boulos/2019 [29] | + | - | + | − | − | + | + | − | − |
Katzan/2016 [27] | + | + | + | − | + | − | + | − | − |
Bernardini/2021 [21] | + | + | + | − | + | − | + | − | − |
Zhang/2019 [22] | + | - | + | − | + | + | + | − | + |
Boulos/2016 [24] | + | + | + | − | − | + | + | − | − |
Petrie/2021 [26] | + | + | + | − | − | + | + | − | − |
Šiarnik/2020 [31] | + | + | + | − | + | + | + | − | + |
Camilo/2014 [28] | + | + | + | − | + | − | + | − | − |
Srijithesh/2011 [30] | + | + | + | − | + | + | + | − | + |