Table 2 Study characteristics of eligible studies on iron deficiency, with or without anemia
Study [registration number] | Country | Study type | Definition of anemia (Hb level) | Diagnostic criteria (iron deficiency) | Intervention group | Control groupa | Type of surgery | Recommendation on start of iron supplementation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Abdullah-2021 [28] | Singa-pore | Retrospective cohort study | <13 g/dL | Ferritin<100 μg/L, TSAT<20% | IV iron (FCM), n=89 | Oral iron, n=267 | Elective surgeries under general/regional anesthesia | 1 month prior to surgery according to institutional protocol |
D'Amato-2020 [29] | Italy | Retrospective cohort study | NA (only non-anemic ID patients included) | Ferritin<100 μg/L and normal CRP values | IV iron (FCM), n=83 | SoC, n=62 | Total hip or knee arthroplasty | 4 weeks prior to surgery |
Froessler-2016 [21] [ACTRN12611000387921] | Australia | RCT –Phase III | <13(m)/12(f) g/dL | Ferritin<300 μg/L, TSAT<25% | IV iron (FCM), n=40 | SoC or oral iron, n=32 | Major abdominal surgery | 21-4 days prior to surgery (+ within 2 days after surgery) |
Ionescu-2020 [30] | Romania | Retrospective cohort study | <13(m)/12(f) g/dL | Ferritin <300 μg/l, TSAT<25% | IV iron (FCM), n=329 | ABT, n=342; SoC, n=2282 | not specified | Not reported |
Kim-2009 [22] | South Korea | RCT –Phase IV | <9.0 g/dL | established IDA’, no further definition | IV iron sucrose, n=39 | Oral iron protein succinylate, n=37 | Gynecological surgery | 3 weeks prior to surgery |
Klein-2020 [27] [NCT02637102], [ISRCTN55032357] | UK | Prospective cohort study (CAVIAR Study) | <13(m)/12(f) g/dL | Ferritin<100 μg/L and TSAT <20% | IV iron (FCM or IIM), n=68 | SoC, n=75 | Cardiac surgery | 10 days prior to surgery |
Laso-Morales-2017 [31] | Spain | Retrospective cohort study | <13 g/dL | Ferritin<300 μg/L; or TSAT<20% (if CRP>5 mg/L, and normal-to-elevated ferritin) | IV iron sucrose (or FCM) | SoC, n=76 or oral iron, n=23 | Colorectal cancer resection | 6-4 weeks prior to surgery |
Lee-2019 [23] | South Korea | RCT – Phase NA | <10 g/dL | Ferritin<300 μl/L | IV iron (FCM), n=52 | IV iron sucrose, n=49 | Gynecological surgery for benign diseases causing menorrhagia | Prior to surgery, not further specified |
Na-2011 [24] | South Korea | RCT – Phase NA | NA – (only ID patients with Hb>10 g/dL included) | Ferritin<100 μg/L or 100-300 μg/L with TSAT<20% | IV iron sucrose with EPO, n=56 | SoC, n=57 | Bilateral total knee replacement | Prior to surgery, not further specified |
Nandhra-2020 [26] [NCT02637102], [ISRCTN55032357] | UK | Prospective cohort study (CAVIAR study) | <13(m)/12(f) g/dL | Ferritin<100 μg/L and/or TSAT<20% | IV iron, not further specified, n=15 | SoC, n=57 | Vascular surgery | 10 days prior to surgery |
Scardino-2019 [32] | Italy | Retrospective cohort study | NA – (only non-anemic ID patients included) | Ferritin<100 μg/L or TSAT<20% (if CRP>3 mg/L, and normal-to-elevated ferritin) | Oral sucrosomial iron, n=100 | SoC, n=100 | Hip surgery | 3-4 weeks prior to surgery |
Shin-2020 [33] | South Korea | Prospective cohort study with historic control | <13(m)/12(f) g/dL | Ferritin<30 μg/L or 30-100 μg/L with TSAT<20%; (control group: not tested) | IV iron (FCM), n=46 | SoC, n=46 | Total knee arthroplasty | 4 weeks prior to surgery |
Thin-2021 [25] [NCT03295851] | Singa-pore | RCT – phase IV (pilot study, PIRCAS trial) | <13(m)/12(f) g/dL | Ferritin<100 μg/L or 100–300 μg/L with TSAT<20%; | IV iron (FCM), n=15 | Oral iron, n=46 | Major abdominal surgery | 4 weeks (IV iron)/ 1-4 weeks (oral) prior to surgery |