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Table 5 Summarized results of the meta-analysis, heterogeneity, and quality of evidence of internal consistency of the PROMS included in this analysis

From: Quality of measurement properties of medication adherence instruments in cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis

PROM

Pooled alpha (CI 95%)

Number of studies

Sample size

Q

(p-value)

I2

Overall rating

Quality of evidence

MMAS-8

0.68 (0.64–0.72)

34

10,232

467.24 (< 0.0001)

92.94

?

No information

ARMS-12 (subscale 1)

0.88 (0.67; 0.96)

3

916

147.14 (< 0.0001)

98.64

?

No information

ARMS-12 (subscale 2)

0.70 (0.60; 0.78)

3

916

14.93 (0.0006)

86.60

MGT

0.59 (0.50; 0.67)

9

8,382

133.76 (< 0.0001)

94.02

?

No information

MTA

0.66 (0.59; 0.72)

3

701

3.84 (0.1466)

47.92

?

No information

MARS-5

0.76 (0.67; 0.83)

4

1,783

92.40 (< 0.0001)

93.51

 + 

High

MALMAS

0.62 (0.54; 0.69)

3

279

1.72 (0.4233)

0.00

?

No information

GMAS (subscale 1)

0.76 (0.73; 0.79)

5

987

6.23 (0.1824)

35.79

-

High

GMAS (subscale 2)

0.73 (0.68; 0.78)

5

987

11.25 (0.0239)

64.44

GMAS (subscale 3)

0.56 (0.38; 0.69)

5

987

50.63 (< 0.0001)

92.10

  1. ARMS Adherence to Refills and Medication Scale, CI Confidence interval, GMAS General Medication Adherence Scale, MALMAS Malaysian Medication Adherence Scale, MARS-5 5-item Medication Adherence Report Scale, MGT Morisky-Green test, MMAS-8 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale, MTA Measurement of Treatment Adherence, PROM Patient-reported outcome measures, “ + ” = sufficient; “ − ” = Insufficient; “?” = Indeterminate