Table 1 Criteria for good measurement properties
Measurement property | Rating | Criteria |
|---|---|---|
Structural validity | + | CTT: CFA: CFI or TLI or comparable measure > 0.95 OR RMSEA < 0.06 OR SRMR < 0.08 IRT/Rasch: No violation of unidimensionality: CFI or TLI or comparable measure > 0.95 OR RMSEA < 0.06 OR SRMR < 0.08 AND no violation of local independence: residual correlations among the items after controlling for the dominant factor < 0.20 OR Q3's < 0.37 AND no violation of monotonicity: adequate looking graphs OR item scalability > 0.30 AND adequate model fit IRT: χ2 > 0.001 Rasch: infit and outfit mean squares ≥ 0.5 and ≤ 1.5 OR Z-standardized values > − 2 and < 2 |
? | CTT: not all information for ' + ' reported IRT/Rasch: model fit not reported | |
- | Criteria for ' + ' not met | |
Internal consistency | + | At least low evidence for sufficient structural validity AND Cronbach's alpha(s) ≥ 0.70 for each unidimensional scale or subscale |
? | Criteria for “At least low evidence for sufficient structural validity” not met | |
- | At least low evidence for sufficient structural validity AND Cronbach's alpha(s) < 0.70 for each unidimensional scale or subscale | |
Reliability | + | ICC or weighted Kappa ≥ 0.70 |
? | ICC or weighted Kappa not reported | |
- | ICC or weighted Kappa < 0.70 | |
Measurement error | + | SDC or LoA < MIC |
? | MIC not defined | |
- | SDC or LoA > MIC | |
Hypotheses testing for construct validity | + | The result is in accordance with the hypothesis |
? | No hypothesis defined (by the review team) | |
- | The result is not in accordance with the hypothesis | |
Cross-cultural validity\measurement invariance | + | No important differences found between group factors (such as age, gender, language) in multiple group factor analysis OR no important DIF for group factors (McFadden's R2 < 0.02) |
? | No multiple group factor analysis OR DIF analysis performed | |
- | Important differences between group factors OR DIF was found | |
Criterion validity | + | Correlation with gold standard ≥ 0.70 OR AUC ≥ 0.70 |
? | Not all information for ' + ' reported | |
- | Correlation with gold standard < 0.70 OR AUC < 0.70 | |
Responsiveness | + | The result is in accordance with the hypothesis OR AUC ≥ 0.70 |
? | No hypothesis defined (by the review team) | |
- | The result is not in accordance with the hypothesis OR AUC < 0.70 |