Table 6 The overall effect of whole egg consumption on waist circumference (WC) and by subgroups, using random-effects model
Study group | Number of studies | Number of participants | Meta-analysis | Heterogeneity | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
WMD | 95% CI | P effect | Q statistic | P within group | I2% | P between group | |||
Country | |||||||||
 USA | 7 | 326 |  − 0.149 |  − 0.910, 0.612 | 0.702 | 77.11 | 0.000 | 92.2% | 0.001>  |
 Other countries | 3 | 339 | 0.647 |  − 0.101, 1.395 | 0.090 | 1.12 | 0.570 | 0.0% | |
Study design | |||||||||
 Parallel | 4 | 420 |  − 0.094 |  − 1.043, 0.855 | 0.846 | 63.61 | 0.000 | 95.3% | 0.001>  |
 Cross-over | 6 | 245 | 0.253 |  − 0.134, 0.639 | 0.200 | 1.00 | 0.963 | 0.0% | |
Control group | |||||||||
 Nothing | 6 | 442 | 0.345 |  − 0.010, 0.700 | 0.057 | 2.18 | 0.824 | 0.0% | 0.001>  |
 Other food or supplement | 4 | 223 |  − 0.486 |  − 1.507, 0.535 | 0.351 | 49.95 | 0.000 | 94.0% | |
Duration | |||||||||
 Less than 12 weeks | 7 | 365 |  − 0.236 |  − 1.043, 0.571 | 0.567 | 62.64 | 0.000 | 90.4% | 0.001>  |
 12 weeks and more | 3 | 300 | 0.360 |  − 0.064, 0.783 | 0.096 | 1.80 | 0.407 | 0.0% | |
Health status | |||||||||
 Healthy | 4 | 236 |  − 0.398 |  − 1.372, 0.576 | 0.423 | 50.56 | 0.000 | 94.1% | 0.001>  |
 Unhealthy | 6 | 429 | 0.345 |  − 0.013, 0.704 | 0.059 | 2.47 | 0.781 | 0.0% | |
Dose of intervention | |||||||||
 Less than 12 eggs per week | 2 | 107 |  − 0.077 |  − 1.624, 1.471 | 0.923 | 0.01 | 0.924 | 0.0% | 0.444 |
 12 eggs per week and more | 10 | 665 | 0.049 |  − 0.614, 0.712 | 0.885 | 90.97 | 0.000 | 90.1% | |
Energy intake differences | |||||||||
 No | 8 | 513 | 0.350 | 0.003, 0.698 | 0.048 | 2.69 | 0.912 | 0.0% | 0.001>  |
 Yes | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | |
 Unclear | 2 | 152 |  − 0.714 |  − 1.870, 0.442 | 0.226 | 47.04 | 0.000 | 97.9% | |
Calorie restriction | |||||||||
 No | 8 | 458 | 0.024 |  − 0.195, 0.244 | 0.827 | 4.13 | 0.765 | 0.0% | 0.001>  |
 Yes | 2 | 207 |  − 0.205 |  − 2.484, 2.074 | 0.860 | 15.67 | 0.000 | 93.6% | |
 Overall | 10 | 665 | 0.046 |  − 0.616, 0.709 | 0.891 | 90.87 | 0.000 | 90.1% | - |