Table 1 PubMed key concepts and initial search terms, including MeSH headings

Key concept 1: Smartphone app

"mobile app*" OR "smartphone*" OR "mobile technolog*" OR "mobile health*" OR "mhealth*" OR “m-health*” OR "Smartphone"[Mesh] OR "Mobile Applications"[Mesh] OR "Cell Phone"[Mesh] OR "telemedicine"[MeSH Terms] OR "telemedicine" OR "smartphoneassisted" OR "smartphonebook" OR "smartphones4water" OR "pedometer*" OR "accelerometer*"

Key concept 2: Self-management

"self-care" OR "self-monitoring" OR "Self-Management"[Mesh] OR "Disease Management"[Mesh] OR "Pain Management"[Mesh] OR "Medication Therapy Management"[Mesh] OR "therapy" [Subheading] OR "Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory"[Mesh] OR "manage*" OR "monitor*" OR ("organization and administration"[MeSH Terms] OR ("organization"[All Fields] AND "administration"[All Fields]) OR ("organisation"[All Fields] AND "administration"[All Fields]) OR ("disease"[All Fields] AND "management"[All Fields]) OR care[All Fields] OR (patient reported outcome[All Fields] OR patient reported outcomes[All Fields]) OR (patient reported outcome measure[All Fields] OR patient reported outcome measurement[All Fields] OR patient reported outcome measurements[All Fields] OR patient reported outcome measures[All Fields]) OR ("pain"[MeSH Terms] OR "pain"[All Fields]) OR ("fatigue"[MeSH Terms] OR "fatigue"[All Fields]) OR ("Infections"[Mesh]OR "infection"[All Fields] OR "infections"[All Fields]) OR (morning[All Fields] AND stiffness[All Fields]) OR ("affect"[MeSH Terms] OR "affect"[All Fields] OR "mood"[All Fields]) OR ("depressive disorder"[MeSH Terms] OR ("depressive"[All Fields] AND "disorder"[All Fields]) OR "depression"[All Fields] OR "depression"[MeSH Terms]) OR workout[All Fields] OR "disease activity"[All Fields] OR (("disease"[MeSH Terms] OR "disease"[All Fields]) AND ("motor activity"[MeSH Terms] OR ("motor"[All Fields] AND "activity"[All Fields]) OR "activity"[All Fields])) OR ("pharmaceutical preparations"[MeSH Terms] OR ("pharmaceutical"[All Fields] AND "preparations"[All Fields]) OR "medication"[All Fields]) OR ("motor activity"[MeSH Terms] OR “activity"[All Fields]))

Key concept 3: RMDs

"musculoskeletal diseases"[MeSH Terms] OR "Arthritis"[Mesh] OR ("musculoskeletal"[All Fields] AND "diseases"[All Fields]) OR ("osteoarthritis"[MeSH Terms] OR "osteoarthritis"[All Fields]) OR ("connective tissue diseases"[MeSH Terms] OR ("connective"[All Fields] AND "tissue"[All Fields] AND "diseases"[All Fields])) OR ("rheumatic diseases"[MeSH Terms] OR ("rheumatic"[All Fields] AND "diseases"[All Fields])) OR ("lupus vulgaris"[MeSH Terms] OR ("lupus"[All Fields] AND "vulgaris"[All Fields]) OR "lupus"[All Fields]) OR sjorgen[All Fields] OR ("scleroderma, systemic"[MeSH Terms] OR ("scleroderma"[All Fields] AND "systemic"[All Fields]) OR "scleroderma"[All Fields] OR "scleroderma, localized"[MeSH Terms] OR ("scleroderma"[All Fields] AND "localized"[All Fields]) OR ("arthritis, juvenile"[MeSH Terms] OR ("arthritis"[All Fields] AND "juvenile"[All Fields])) OR ("polymyositis"[MeSH Terms] OR "polymyositis"[All Fields]) OR ("dermatomyositis"[MeSH Terms] OR "dermatomyositis"[All Fields]) OR ("spondylarthritis"[MeSH Terms] OR "spondyloarthritis"[All Fields]) OR ("fibromyalgia"[MeSH Terms] OR "fibromyalgia"[All Fields]))