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Table 7 Entity-level performance of PubMedBERT on the gold validation set. Original scores refer to the performance of the model before self-training; self-training scores refer to the performance of the model at the best iteration (6th iteration) of self-training. ‘R’ and ‘P’ refer to recall and precision, respectively

From: PICO entity extraction for preclinical animal literature

 

Original scores

Self-training scores

F1

R

P

F1

R

P

Comparator

33.3

66.7

22.2

80.0

66.7

100.0

Induction

46.2

50.9

42.3

45.7

40.7

52.2

Intervention

67.3

69.6

65.2

69.6

75.0

64.9

Outcome

61.5

68.0

56.2

69.9

73.5

66.7

Species

96.4

99.1

93.9

96.4

99.1

93.9

Strain

80.0

80.0

80.0

90.9

100.0

83.3

Overall

68.1

73.0

63.8

73.6

76.4

71.0