Audit and feedback
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A summary of health workers’ performance over a specified period of time, given to them in written, electronic, or verbal format. May include recommendations for clinical action.
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Local opinion leaders/champions
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The identification and use of identifiable local opinion leader to promote or champion good clinical practice.
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Patient-mediated interventions
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The use of patients to change professional practice; could include the provision of patient-reported outcomes to practitioners.
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Public release of performance data
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Informing the public about healthcare providers by the release of performance data in written or electronic form.
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Reminders
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Manualized or computerized interventions that prompt health care workers to perform and action during a consultation with a patient, i.e., computer decision support systems.
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Educational games
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The use of games as an education strategy to improve standards of care.
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Educational materials
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Distribution of individuals, groups, or educational materials to support clinical care, i.e., any intervention in which knowledge is distributed.
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Education meetings
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Courses, workshops, conferences of other educational meetings.
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Educational outreach visits or academic detailing
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Personal visits by a trained person to health care workers in their own settings, to provide information with the aim of changing practice.
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Routine patient-reported outcome measures
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Routine administration and reporting of patient-reported outcome measures to providers and/or patients.
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Managerial supervision
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Routine supervision visits by health staff.
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Decision support tools such as guidelines
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Evidence-based guidance on appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances, e.g., symptom triage protocols.
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Local consensus processes
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Formal or informal local consensus processes, for example agreeing to a clinical protocol to manage a patient group, or for adapting a guideline.
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Continuous quality improvement
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An iterative process to review and improve care that includes involvement of healthcare teams, analysis of a process or system, a structured process improvement method or problem-solving approach and use of data to analyze changes, i.e., Plan, Do, Study, Act Cycles
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Inter-professional education
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Continuing education for healthcare professionals that involves more than one profession in joint, interactive learning.
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Tailored interventions
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Interventions to change practice that are selected based on an assessment of systematic assessment of barriers to change.
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