Study design | Cohort studies |
---|---|
Case–control studies | |
Study characteristics | Full articles |
Conference proceedings | |
Grey literature | |
Theses/dissertations | |
Other (please specify) | |
Participants | Studies where some participants are aged 18 to 40 years |
With IGT | |
 | With pre-diabetes (can refer to either IGT or impaired fasting glucose (IFG) |
 | With metabolic syndrome (where IGT is part of metabolic syndrome) |
Free from CKD at baseline | |
Comparator | Participant with normoglycaemia |
Participants with diabetes | |
Outcome | Chronic kidney disease [eGFR stages: 3A, 3B, 4 and 5] |
Albuminuria | |
ACR (albumin creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/mmol | |
PCR (protein creatinine ratio ≥50 mg/mmol | |
SCr (serum creatinine) data | |
CrCl (creatinine clearance) data |