Table 2 Included articles’ key characteristics
First author (year) | Article | Population (gender) | Medical equipment | Measured outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Berguer (2004) [23] | The relationship between hand size and difficulty using surgical instruments: a survey of 726 laparoscopic surgeons | 726 (159 female, 567 male) | Laparoscopic instruments (grasper, scissors, dissector, needle, and stapler) | The difficulty of using the instruments. Subjects were grouped as either having MS problems or not having MS problems |
Fram (2021) [17] | Female sex is associated with increased reported injury rates and difficulties with use of orthopedic surgical instruments | 204 (119 female, 84 male) | Rongeurs, reduction clamps, arthroscope, arthroscopic shaver, mallets, kerrisons, needle drivers, ringed instruments, microsagittal saws, forceps, osteotomes, and burrs | Numbness, stiffness, fatigue, and pain |
Filisetti (2015) [25] | Analysis of hand size and ergonomics of instruments in pediatric minimally invasive surgery | 138 (33 females, 105 males) | Grasper, scissors, dissector, needle holder, staplers, endobag, clip placement, Ligasure, Ultracision, and endoloops | Musculoskeletal problems (related to arms or back or legs or neck) |
Kono (2012) [28] | Rating and issues of mechanical anastomotic staplers in surgical practice: a survey of 241 Japanese gastroenterological surgeons | 241 (74 females, 167 males) | Circular and linear staplers | Stress |
Lucas-Hernandez (2014) [30] | Ergonomics problems due to the use and design of dissector and needle holder: a survey in minimally invasive surgery | 118 (39 females, 79 males) | Laparoscopic instruments (dissector and needle holder) | Fatigue experienced in shoulder-arm, wrist-hand-fingers, neck, back, and elbow-forearm are the most relevant musculoskeletal disorders. Furthermore, paresthesia, pain, and cramps in the wrist-hand fingers |
Park (2010) [32] | Patients benefit while surgeons suffer: an impending epidemic | 317 (54 females, 261 males) | Standard graspers, needle drivers, energy/coagulation devices, stapler | Physical discomfort or symptoms in the neck, right hand, arm, and lower extremities |
Kroon (2009) [29] | Is glove size a predictor for occupational injury in obstetrics and gynecology? | 17 | Neville-Barnes forceps | Neurapraxia, RMCL thumb, ulna collateral ligaments, extensor compartment, upper arm, shoulder, back and neck, head, ankle |
Shepherd (2016) [34] | Ergonomics in laparoscopic surgery—a survey of symptoms and contributing factors | 50 (15 females, 35 males) | Johan’s grasper, Maryland’s forceps, scissors, and hook diathermy | Symptoms were reported in at least 1 body region (neck/shoulder, back, hand/wrist, fatigue/irritability) |
Adams (2008) [22] | One size does not fit all: current disposable laparoscopic devices do not fit the needs of female laparoscopic surgeons | 65 (28 female, 37 males) | Laparoscopic staplers, laparoscopic harmonic scalpel, laparoscopic LigaSure, and laparoscopic retrieval bags | Awkward to use, not easy to use, have to modify hand to use, and use two hands |
Dabholkar (2017) [24] | A survey of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among otolaryngologists | 73 (27 females, 46 males) | Otoscope, endoscope, drills, suction handles, and microscope | Pain in the upper limbs (elbow, wrist, and hand pain) |
Franasiak (2012) [26] | Physical strain and urgent need for ergonomic training among gynecologic oncologists who perform minimally invasive surgery | 260 (106 females, 154 males) | Bipolar, monopolar, needle driver, and grasper | Injury, physical strain, and pain |
Gilbert (2013) [27] | Ergonomics and bronchoscopy: a survey of the American Association of Bronchology and Interventional Pulmonology | 160 (23 females, 137 males) | Endoscopic equipment | Pain location: neck, upper back, lower back, appendicular skeleton, shoulder, arm, wrist, hand, finger |
Pawa (2021) [33] | Are all endoscopy-related musculoskeletal injuries created equal? Results of a national gender-based survey | 1698 (583 females, 1115 males) | Endoscopes | Injury location: thumb, neck, hand/finger, lower back, shoulder, and wrist |
Sutton (2013) [35] | The ergonomics of women in surgery | 314 (54 females, 260 males) | Laparoscopic instrument handles | Numbness, stiffness, fatigue, and pain |
Morais (2020) [31] | Prevalence, risk factors and global impact of musculoskeletal injuries among endoscopists: a nationwide European study | 171 (94 females, 77 males) | Endoscopes | Musculoskeletal injury location: neck pain, thumb pain, wrist pain, and hand numbness |
Green (2022) [36] | One size does not fit all: impact of hand size on ease of use of instruments for minimally invasive surgery | 58 (17 females, 41 males) | Laparoscopic instruments | Difficulty, fatigue, pressure, loss of strength, and wrist discomfort |
Weinreich (2022) [37] | Gender-differences of proceduralists in perception of hand-held surgical instrument fit – a cross-sectional survey | 488 (412 females, 76 males) | All types of clamps, Kelly clamp, mosquito, endoscopes, surgical drills, double action scissors, harmonic scalpel, Debakey forceps, laparoscopic, needle drivers, staplers, retractors, LigaSure | Difficult of use and trouble |
Yong (2023) [38] | Controller size matters: user proficiency is affected by endoscopic controller size | 54 (28 females, 26 males) | Endoscope and bronchoscope | Fatigue |
Pawa (2022) [39] | Endoscopy-related injury among gastroenterology trainees | 168 (83 female, 85 males) | Endoscope | Thumb pain, hand/finger pain, hand/arm numbness, carpal tunnel syndrome, De Quervain’s tendonitis, wrist pain, elbow pain, shoulder pain, neck pain, upper back pain, lower back pain, hip pain, knee pain, and foot pain |