Maternal outcomes | |||||
Outcome | Primary study | Galvao et al. [14] | Jefferson et al. [15] | Fell et al. [13] | McMillan et al. [16] |
Laboratory-confirmed influenza | Thompson et al. [30] | No (unclear) | No (date) | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Zaman et al. [31] | No (unclear) | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
Influenza-like illness | Black et al. [32] | No (unclear) | Yes | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Hulka [33] | Yes | Yes | No (criteria) | No (unclear) |
 | Munoz et al. [34] | No (unclear) | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Zaman et al. [31] | Yes | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | No (unclear) |
Local adverse events | Hulka [33] | No (criteria) | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Yeager et al. [35] | No (criteria) | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Zaman et al. [31] | No (criteria) | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
Systemic adverse events | Englund et al. [36] | No (criteria) | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Hulka [33] | No (criteria) | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Lin et al. [37] | No (criteria) | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Yeager et al. [35] | No (criteria) | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Zaman et al. [31] | No (criteria) | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
Serious adverse events | Munoz et al. [34] | No (criteria) | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Nordin et al. [38] | No (criteria) | Yes | No (criteria) | Yes |
Preeclampsia | Munoz et al. [34] | No (criteria) | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
Infant outcomes | |||||
Lab-confirmed influenza | Benowitz et al. [39] | No (criteria) | Yes | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Eick et al. [40] | Yes | Yes | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Poeling et al. [41] | No (criteria) | Yes | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Zaman et al. [31] | Yes | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
Influenza-like illness | Black et al. [32] | No (unclear) | Yes | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Eick et al. [40] | No (unclear) | Yes | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | France et al. [42] | No (unclear) | Yes | No (criteria) | No (unclear) |
 | Munoz et al. [34] | No (unclear) | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Zaman et al. [31] | Yes | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
Premature birth (<37Â weeks) | Black et al. [32] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 | Chambers et al. [43] | No (unclear) | No (date) | Yes | Yes |
 | Dodds et al. [44] | No (unclear) | No (unclear) | Yes | No (unclear) |
 | Legge et al. [45] | No (date) | No (date) | Yes | No (unclear) |
 | Louik et al. [46] | No (date) | No (unclear) | Yes | No (unclear) |
 | Munoz et al. [34] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 | Omer et al. [47] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 | Sheffield et al. [48] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
 | Steinhoff et al. [49] | No (unclear) | No (unclear) | Yes | No (unclear) |
 | Zaman et al. [31] | Yes | No (unclear) | No (unclear) | No (unclear) |
Fetal death (>500Â g) | Sheffield et al. [48] | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Spontaneous abortion | Irving et al. [50] | No (criteria) | No (date) | No (criteria) | Yes |
Congenital malformation | Munoz et al. [34] | No (criteria) | Yes | No (criteria) | No (unclear) |
 | Sheffield et al. [48] | No (criteria) | Yes | No (criteria) | Yes |
Small for gestational age | Omer et al. [47] | Yes | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Sheffield et al. [48] | Yes | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | Yes |
 | Zaman et al. [31] | Yes | No (unclear) | No (criteria) | No (unclear) |
Neonatal death | Sheffield et al. [48] | Yes | Yes | No (criteria) | No (unclear) |