Instruments to measure patient experience of healthcare quality in hospitals: a systematic review

Table 6 Results of Beattie and Murphy instrument utility matrix

Instrument	Primary purpose	Validity			Reliability			Cost efficiency	Acceptability	Educational impact
		Content/theoretical development	Construct (structural, cross-cultural)	Criterion validity	Internal consistency	Other reliability	Was the correct error source investigated?	Rating	Rating	Rating
HCAHPS	National comparisons	*(−)	****(?)		****(+)	*/**(⁺_?)	Y	*	***	***
QPP	Quality improvement	****(+)	***(⁺_?)	*(+)	****(+)		Y	**	**	**
QPPS	Quality improvement			****(+)	****(+)		P	***	***	**
PPE-15	National performance indicators	****(+)	****(+)	***(+)	*/**(+)		P	**	***	**
NHSIP	National performance indicators	****(+)			**(?)		N	*	***	**
SIPES	National comparisons	****(+)			*(+)		N	*	****	***
HKIEQ	National comparisons	****(+)	**(⁺_?)		**(+)	**(+)	Y	*	***	**
PEQ	Quality improvement and national surveillance	***(+)	/*(⁺_?)		**(+)	**(+)	Y	**	****	*
NORPEQ	Cross-national comparisons in Nordic countries	***(+)	***(+)		**(+)	***(+)	Y	***	****	***
I-PAHC	Quality improvement in low-income settings	****(+)	*/**(⁺_?)		****(+)		P	***	***	***
PPQ	Local quality improvement	****(+)	****(+)		****(+)		P	**	****	***

Ratings of study quality: *poor, ** fair, ***good, ****excellent. Ratings of measurement results: (+) positive rating, (−) negative rating, (?) indeterminate rating, (⁺_?) mixed. Correct source of error: Y yes, N no, P partial

ISSN: 2046-4053