Table 1 SPICE framework

Setting

We will consider research conducted in any setting (any health care, rehabilitation, or community setting) in low- to middle-income countries

Population/participants

This scoping review will consider all published and unpublished studies relevant to rehabilitation providers who have specialized training in rehabilitation (physiatrists, nurses, occupational therapists, prosthetists, etc.) and others with special training in rehabilitation (technical assistants, special educator, lay workers) who work delivering rehabilitation services. If insufficient literature is available, we will expand the scope to include healthcare personnel (any type of staff who work directly with patients) in LMICs

Intervention

The scoping review will consider all records that describe capacity-building (synonymous with capacity development) initiatives or strategies in rehabilitation. Capacity-building is defined as the “process of developing and strengthening the skills, instincts, abilities, processes, and resources that organizations and communities need to survive, adapt, and thrive in a fast-changing world.” [16] If we find insufficient literature on capacity-building for rehabilitation providers, we will expand our scoping review to include capacity-building interventions in healthcare more broadly

Comparator

This review will consider records that describe a comparator or no comparator

Evaluation

We will document the ways in which the service or action has been measured to establish whether it has had a desired effect. We will extract any outcome data measured using a reliable and valid tool related to (a) skills, attitudes, abilities, knowledge in healthcare, or rehabilitation personnel, (b) processes and resources in organizations or institutions, or (c) performance and health in clients