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Table 2 Characteristics of included studies

From: Interprofessional collaboration and patient-reported outcomes in inpatient care: a systematic review

Source (country)

Indication

Intervention

Control

N patients (assign.)

Follow-up(s) (weeks since T0)

Outcome (measure)

Description

IPC type

No. of prof.

Treatment intensity (hours, mean)

RCT

Boesen et al. 2018 [14] (Denmark)

Multiple sclerosis

4 weeks of continuous hospitalization with 20 days of scheduled rehabilitation

IP + IO

10

70

No treatment (wait-list)

427

26

QoL — generic (EQ-5D-5L; EQ-VAS; 15-D questionnaire)

QoL — disease-specific (FAMS, MSIS-29: physical, psychological)

Cheung et al. 2010 [19] (Australia)

Palliative care (preterminal or terminal condition)

Usual care + consultation from a palliative care team (intensive care unit)

IP

4

N/A

Usual care

20

0.7 (IG) resp. 0.4 (CG)

Satisfaction (unknown outcome measure/self-developed)

Counsell et al. 2000 [15] (USA)

Old age (> 70)

Acute Care for Elders (ACE): adaption of environment + patient-centered care (e.g., nursing care plans) + discharge planning + review of medical care + daily interdisciplinary team rounds

IP

4

N/A

Usual care

1531

6

Satisfaction (unknown outcome measure/self-developed)

Functional ability and health status — generic (ADL decline: generic; IADL)

Gade et al. 2008 [16] (USA)

Palliative care

Consultative interdisciplinary palliative care service (IPCS)

IP

4

N/A

Usual care

517

0.42 (IG) resp. 0.28 (CG)

QoL — generic (MCOHPQ: physical area, emotional/relationship area, spiritual area, quality of life)

Satisfaction — generic (MCOHPQ: place of care environment scale, doctors, nurses/other healthcare providers communication scale)

Goldberg et al. 2013 [17] (GB)

Cognitive impairment in old age (> 65)

Acute geriatric medical ward with specialist mental health staff + staff training and education + therapeutic program + adaption of environment + inclusive approach to family carers

IP + IE + IO

7

N/A

Usual care

600

13

QoL — generic (EQ-5D: self-completed, proxy completed)

QoL — disease-specific (DEMQOL: self-completed, proxy completed)

Functional ability and health status — generic (LHS)

Grudzen et al. 2016 [20] (USA)

Palliative care for patients with advanced cancer

Palliative care consultation: symptom assessment and treatment + goals of care + advance care plan + transition planning

IP+ IO

4

N/A

Usual care

136

6, 12

QoL — disease-specific (FACT-G)

Psychiatric morbidity (PHQ-9)

Hamnes et al. 2012 [18] (Norway)

Fibromyalgia

Self-management program: individual consultations + individual and group exercises + writing goals + group discussion + patient education + walking + presentation of organizations + creating activity + visiting museum

IP + IO

8

N/A

No treatment (wait-list)

150

3

Psychiatric morbidity (GHQ-20)

Coping — disease-specific (ASES: pain, symptoms, function)

Functional ability and health status — disease-specific (fibromyalgia impact questionnaire)

Managing one’s own health care (EC-17)

Hechler et al. 2014 [21] (Germany)

Chronic pain (pediatric)

Intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment (IIPT): education and goal determination + acquisition of pain coping strategies + treatment of emotional distress + family therapy and weekly family sessions + optional therapy-related drug treatment + physiotherapy + relapse prevention

IP + IE + IO

7

137

No treatment (wait-list)

120

3.5

Pain — generic (faces pain scale — revised)

Psychiatric morbidity (DIKJ: depression)

Coping — generic (PRCQ-C: catastrophizing)

Functional ability and health status — generic (P-PDI: pediatric; partly proxy completed)

Hewett et al. 2016 [22] (GB)

Homelessness

General practitioner ward rounds + nurse practitioner patient support + weekly multiagency meeting

IP

2

N/A

Usual care

414

6

QoL — generic (EQ-5D-5L)

Mangels et al. 2009 [23] (Germany)

Chronic low back pain

Behavioral-medical rehabilitation treatment: usual care + psychologic treatment elements (manualized group education/training for psychologic pain management, progressive muscle relaxation, individual sessions with psychotherapist)

IP + IE

N/A

N/A

Usual care

244

4 (IG) resp. 3.5 (CG), 57 (IG) resp. 55 (CG)

QoL — generic (LSQ-G; SF-12: physical health status, mental health status)

Psychiatric morbidity (BDI)

Coping — generic (FESV: action-oriented coping, subjective coping competence, cognitive restructuring, counter activities, mental distraction, relaxation)

Functional ability and health status — generic (PDI, adults; PSEQ; SES, affective pain perception, sensory pain perception)

Monticone et al.2015 [24] (Italy)

Parkinson’s disease

Multidisciplinary rehabilitative care: motor training + cognitive training + ergonomic education

IO

4

N/A

General physiotherapy

70

8, 52 (except GPE)

QoL — disease-specific (I-PDQ-39: mobility, activities of daily living, emotional well-being, stigma, social support, cognition, communication, bodily discomfort)

Functional ability and health status — disease-specific (MDS-UPDRS: part 3)

Treatment success (GPE)

O'Leary et al. 2016 [25] (USA)

General medical patients

Daily patient-centered bedside rounds with communication tool as a framework for discussion

IP

2

N/A

Usual care

650

During treatment: Picker and PAM-SF: 0

Post-discharge: Press Ganey and HCAHPS: 0.2–6

Satisfaction — generic (Picker: do not say different things, do not give conflicting information, do not talk in front of you as if you were not there, involved in decisions, worked as a team, overall satisfaction; Press Ganey: work as a team (how often), staff effort; HCAHPS: overall rating hospital, likelihood to recommend)

Therapeutic relationship (PAM-SF)

Sidebottom et al. 2015 [26] (USA)

Palliative care for patients with acute heart failure

Usual care + PCT consultation + assessment of symptom burden, depression and QoL + emotional, spiritual, and psychosocial aspects of care + coordination of care orders + recommendations for current or future treatment

IP

4

N/A

Usual care

232

4, 13

QoL — disease-specific (MLHF)

Pain — generic (ESAS)

Psychiatric morbidity (PHQ-9)

Singer et al. 2019 [27] (Germany)

Cancer patients with high distress level (HADS score >= 13); cancer patients with moderate or low distress level (HADS score < 13)

Stepped care: structured psychosocial care — integration of distress screening as a regular topic in doctor-patient consultation (and, if necessary, consultation of psychosocial services)

IE + IO

N/A

N/A

Usual care

1012

26

Satisfaction, generic (QPP (modified): possibility to converse with doctors and/or psychologists/social workers, shared decision-making, doctors (empathic), patient orientation)

Wu et al. 2019 [28] (Australia)

Critical care survivors

In-reach multidisciplinary rehabilitation program

IP

4

N/A

Usual care

66

Discharge or admission (no further details), 26, 52

QoL — generic (SF-12: physical health, mental health; AQoL-4D)

Psychiatric morbidity (DASS-21)

Functional ability and health status (Lawton’s Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale)

Ziser et al. 2021 [29] (Germany)

Patients with anorexia nervosa

Motivation-enhancing psychotherapy for inpatients with anorexia nervosa (MANNA) plus multidisciplinary inpatient treatment

IP

6

N/A

Usual care

22

5, 10

Psychiatric morbidity (EDE-Q)

Treatment success (URICA-S: precontemplation, contemplation, action, maintenance)

Therapeutic relationship (HAQ)

NRS

Angst et al. 2009 [30] (Switzerland)

Chronic pain

Zurzach interdisciplinary pain program (ZISP): medical care including adapted drug therapy + activity exercises + psychotherapy + interdisciplinary meetings

IP

N/A

> 100

Usual care

331

4 (IG) resp.3 (CG); 26

QoL — generic (SF-36: physical functioning, social functioning)

Pain – generic (WHYMPI: pain severity, life control)

Psychiatric morbidity (HADS: depression, anxiety)

Coping — generic (CSQ: catastrophizing, ability to decrease pain)

Brédart et al. 2009 [31] (France)

Cancer

Use of a complex health care needs screening tool + weekly multidisciplinary liaison staff meeting + adoption of clinical guidelines + five mobile teams + professionals as consultants in the various hospital ward + supervision by a physician + assistance by paramedical professional

IP + IO

6

N/A

Usual care

216

9

QoL — disease-specific (EORTC QLQ-C30: physical functioning, role functioning, emotional functioning, social functioning, overall health status)

Satisfaction — disease-specific (EORTC IN-PATSAT32: doctors: technical competence, interpersonal quality, information, availability; nurses/paramedical personnel: technical competence, interpersonal quality, information, availability, general satisfaction)

Hampel et al. 2015 [32] (Germany)

Chronic low back pain and depressive symptoms

Multidisciplinary orthopedic rehabilitation program + cognitive-behavioral group training of depressive symptoms

IP + IE

N/A

86

Usual care

84

4, 26, 52, 104

Psychiatric morbidity (ADS: depressive symptoms, HADS: anxiety, SCL-90-R: somatization)

Marcussen et al. 2020 [34] (Denmark)

Severe mental illness

Interprofessional training unit: interactive workshop, small-group work, clinical care teamwork, interprofessional group tutorials for students, patient participation

IP + IE + IO

6

N/A

Usual care

552

Day of discharge (no further details)

QoL — generic (SF-36: physical functioning, mental functioning)

Psychiatric morbidity (K10)

Satisfaction, generic (CSQ-8)

Semrau et al. 2015 [33] (Germany)

Chronic low back pain

Interdisciplinary rehabilitation program (PASTOR): biopsychosocial health education + behavioral exercise therapy + cognitive-behavioral psychological therapy + workplace-related information + team meetings

IP + IE

9

48

Usual care

554

3 (except FFkA), 52

QoL — generic (SF-12: physical health, mental health)

Pain — generic (German Pain Questionnaire)

Coping — generic (FESV: action-oriented coping, subjective coping competence, cognitive restructuring, counter activities, mental distraction, relaxation; AEQ: help-/hopelessness, catastrophizing, thought suppression, anxiety/depression, positive mood, avoidance of physical activities when dealing with severe pain, humor/distraction when dealing with severe pain, pain persistence behavior when dealing with severe pain)

Functional ability and health status — generic (FFkA: sport activity (hours/week), total physical activity (hours/week))

Functional ability and health status — disease-specific (FFbH-R)

CBA

Deenik et al. 2018 [35] (Netherlands)

Severe mental illness

Multidisciplinary lifestyle enhancing treatment (MULTI): lifestyle interventions + improved daily structure + review of existing policies + participation of nurses in day-to-day program + supervision by a psychiatrist

IP + IO

4

N/A

Usual care

123

N/A

QoL — generic (EQ-5D; WHOQOL-BREF: physical, psychological, social, environmental)

  1. ADS General Depression Scale (Allgemeine Depressions-Skala), AQoL-4D assessment of quality of life, ASES, Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale, Assign assignment, AEQ avoidance-endurance questionnaire, ADL activities of daily living, BDI Beck Depression Inventory, CG control group, CSQ coping strategies questionnaire, CSQ-8 client satisfaction questionnaire, DASS-21 Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, DEMQOL dementia quality of life measure, DIKJ depression inventory for children and adolescents, EDE-Q Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, ESAS Edmonton System Assessment Scale, EC-17 Effective Musculoskeletal Consumer Scale, EORTC IN-PATSAT32 EORTC Inpatient Satisfaction with Cancer Care Questionnaire, EORTC QLQ-C30 EORTC Quality of Life with Cancer Questionnaire, EQ VAS EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale, EQ-5D (-5L) EuroQol 5D (-5L, long version), FACT-G Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General measure, FAMS functional assessment of multiple sclerosis questionnaire, FESV pain management questionnaire, FIQ fibromyalgia impact questionnaire, FFbH-R Hannover Functional Ability Questionnaire-back pain, FFkA Freiburg Questionnaire of physical activity, GHQ-20 General Health Questionnaire, GPE global perceived effect, HADS Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, HAQ Helping Alliance Questionnaire, HCAHPS Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems, IADL independent activities of daily living, IE interprofessional education, IG intervention group, IP interprofessional practice, I-PDQ-39 Italian 39-question Parkinson’s disease questionnaire, IO interprofessional organization, K10 Kessler psychological distress scale, LHS London handicap scale, LSQ-G German Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (Fragebogen zur Lebenszufriedenheit), MCOHPQ Modified City of Hope QoL Patient Questionnaire, MDS-UPDRS Italian Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, MLHF Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire, MSIS-29 Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale-29 version 2, N/A not available, no. of prof number of professions, PAM-SF Patient Activation Measure (Short Form), PCT palliative care team, PDI Pain Disability Index, PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire, P-PDI Pediatric Pain Disability Index, PRCQ-C pain-related cognitions questionnaire for children, PSEQ pain self-efficacy questionnaire, QoL quality of life, QPP quality of care from the patient’s perspective, SCL-90-R Symptom Checklist-90-R, SES Pain Perception Scale, SF-12 Short Form 12, SF-36 Short Form 36, URICA-S University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (short version), WHOOL-BREF World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment scale, WHYMPI West Haven-Yale Multidimensional Pain Inventory