Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria and rationale

Printed in English.

Printed in a language other than English.

Nobody on the team is fluent in another language and able to review the documents in the time available.

Reporting on studies that include Indigenous groups or communities.

Reporting on mixed or general populations that may or may not include Indigenous Peoples; reporting on a single person, such as an autoethnography or case study.

We are interested in collective impacts on Indigenous groups, nations, and communities.

Research focuses on Indigenous Peoples within North America, South America, Australia, New Zealand, and Circumpolar Regions

Research that focuses on Indigenous Peoples from places outside of the included areas.

Indigenous Peoples in the listed areas share commonalities in the history of European colonization.

Research reports on mental health risk/protective factors, experiences, outcomes, and/or impacts.

Research that does not explicitly report on mental health and wellness.

The focus of this systematic review is to examine how loss of access to land impacts Indigenous Peoples’ mental health so, it is imperative that the studies included report on this element.

Research is based on land development, extractive industries, and/or contamination leading to loss of access to land - from dams, mines, agriculture and petroleum.

Research that is based on land dispossession from industries other than dams, mines, agriculture, and petroleum.

We are focusing on the four major industrial resource development sectors that result in loss of access to land. We are including contamination that leads to the loss of access to land but not focusing on the biomedical results from contamination unless they are clearly linked to mental health.

Full text is available.

Full text is unavailable.

The full text must be available for appraisal and analysis to be included.

Must be a primary study.

Discussion papers, reviews, or commentaries.

We will exclude all discussion papers, literature reviews, and commentaries for analysis; however, we will read relevant documents as it may inform the background literature and discussion of findings.