Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
---|---|
Presence of at least one comparison group | Studies with any comparator |
Published from 1990 to 2020 since PBF started in the 90 s | |
Interventions at facility or provider | PBF intervention policies on OOP without concrete description of implementation at facility level or point-of-care will be included for reporting purposes but will not be included in the final synthesis |
Studies in sub–Saharan Africa | Studies in LMIC without disaggregating results separately for sub-Saharan countries will not be included in the final synthesis, but will be reported |
Study reporting effect change, or any changes observed as a result of the PBF intervention on OOP and statistic significance of the intervention | Studies that do not disaggregate the reporting of OOP items will not be included in the final synthesis, but they will be reported separately |
Study assesses PBF intervention (or demand side) on at least one item that constitutes out-of-pocket expenses | Study is not focused on PBF intervention in relation to out-of-pocket expenses |
Study assesses at least one outcome of interest that is ANC, skilled birth delivery, or family planning | Study assesses other maternal services but does not assess any one of the outcomes listed will |
The study quantitatively evaluates the effect of any PBF interventions | Study is a qualitative and/or does not evaluate the impact of PBF intervention |
Study clearly describes the PBF intervention on the specific OOP expenses and provides details on the outcome | Studies that only describe PBF intervention on OOP without providing effect on the outcomes will be included for reporting purposes but will not be included in the final synthesis |