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Table 4 Benefits of patient and family engagement interventions at the direct care level, as reported in systematic reviews, by engagement type and health condition

From: Patient engagement strategies for adults with chronic conditions: an evidence map

  1. Interpretation: Positive effects Potential benefits No benefits Unclear benefits
  2. 1 Circle size is based on total number of reviews
  3. 2Unclear benefits—in five reviews of self-management and 1 review of shared decision-making, the review question was not about evaluating outcomes (see Table S2 Reviews # 22, 105, 160, 495, 352, 545)
  4. 3Total exceeds the number for overall because reviews could be included for more than one condition
  5. 4Multiple conditions refer to reviews of patients who have multimorbidity/comorbidity