Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | № of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Risk with placebo/non-comparator | Risk with HCQ/CQ | |||||
SAE | 14 per 1.000 | 15 per 1.000 (12 to 20) | OR 0.98 (0.76 to 1.26) | 15942 (33 RCTs) | ⨁⨁⨁◯ MODERATE a | CQ/HCQ likely does not increase SAE. |
Retinopathy | 18 per 1.000 | 28 per 1.000 (7 to 105) | OR 1.63 (0.40 to 6.57) | 344 (5 RCTs) | ⨁⨁◯◯ LOW b | The evidence is very uncertain about the effect of CQ/HCQ on retinopathy. |
Cardiac Complications | 20 per 1.000 | 37 per 1.000 (25 to 55) | RR 1.62 (1.10 to 2.38) | 9908 (16 RCTs) | ⨁⨁⨁◯ MODERATE c | CQ/HCQ may result in an increase in cardiac complications. |