Table 1 Study characteristics for the included studies
Study | Period | Number of patients | Population | Country | Database/register | Compared indices | Mortality | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
In-hospital | 30 days | 90 days | 1 year | Other | |||||||
Boddaert et al. 2017 [22] | 2009–2014 | 506 | Hip fracture | France | Perioperative geriatric unit in a tertiary teaching hospital | CCI, Cumulative Illness Rating Scale, and POSPOM | Yes | 6 months | |||
Bulow et al. 2019 [16] | 2005–2012 | 43 224 | Arthroplasty for hip fracture | Sweden | Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register | CCI Quan 2005, CCI Quan 2011, and ECI | Yes | Yes | Yes | 2 years and 5 years | |
Bulow et al. 2017 [23] | 1999–2012 | 120 836 | Total hip arthroplasty | Sweden | Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register | CCI Quan 2005, CCI Quan 2011, and ECI | 5, 8, and 14 years | ||||
Inacio et al. 2016 [17] | 2001–2002 | 30 820 | Total hip and knee arthroplasty | Australia | Australian Government Department of Veterans' Affairs | CCI Quan 2005, ECI, RxRisk-V and combination of all three scores | Yes | Yes | |||
Kim et al. 2018 [24] | 2002–2014 | 90 491 | Total shoulder arthroplasty | USA | National Inpatient Sample | CCI Deyo 1992 and ECI | Yes | ||||
Kurichi et al. 2007 [18] | 2002–2003 | 2 375 | Lower extremity amputations | USA | Veterans’ Health Administration databases | CCI Deyo 1992 and ECI | Yes | ||||
Lopez-de-Andres et al. 2016 [25] | 2003–2013 | 40 857 | Lower extremity amputations | Spain | Spanish National Hospital database | CCI and ECI | Yes | ||||
Menendez et al. 2014 [26] | 1990–2007 | 14 007 813 | Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty, Spinal Fusion and Hip Fracture | USA | National Hospital Discharge Survey Database | CCI Deyo 1992 and ECI | Yes | ||||
Menendez et al. 2015a [27] | 2002–2011 | 387 973 | Fracture proximal humerus | USA | Nationwide Inpatient Sample | CCI Deyo 1992 and ECI | Yes | ||||
Menendez et al. 2015b [28] | 1990–2007 | 111 564 | Cervical spine fracture | USA | National Hospital Discharge Survey | CCI Deyo 1992 and ECI | Yes | ||||
Menendez et al. 2015c [29] | 1990–2007 | 33 194 141 | Orthopedic surgery | USA | National Hospital Discharge Survey | CCI Deyo 1992, ECI and Combination of CCI and ECI | Yes | ||||
Neuhaus et al. 2013 [30] | 1990–2007 | 6 137 965 | Hip fracture | USA | The National Hospital Discharge Survey | CCI Deyo 1992 vs. CCI Charlson 1994 vs. CCI Quan 2011 | Yes | ||||
Ondeck et al. 2018 [31] | – | 49 738 | Hip fracture | USA | National Inpatient Sample | CCI Quan 2005, ECI, and Modified Frailty Index | Yes | ||||
Radley et al. 2008 [32] | 1998–2000 | 43 811 | Hip fracture | USA | Medicare enrollees | CCI Romano 1993, Clinical Classification Software and Iezzoni Index | Yes | ||||
Toson et al. 2016 [33] | 2008–2012 | 25 374 | Hip fracture | Australia | The New South Wales Admitted Patient Data Collection | CCI Quan 2005, ECI, and Multipurpose Australian Comorbidity Scoring System | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||
Toson et al. 2016 [33 | 2001–2010 | 47 698 | Hip fracture | Australia | The New South Wales Admitted Patient Data Collection | CCI Quan 2005 vs. CCI Sundararajan 04 | Yes | Yes | Yes | ||