Table 1 Eligibility criteria using the PICOTSS (Patients, Interventions, Comparators, Outcomes, Timing, Setting, and Study Design) format
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Patients • Infants and children aged < 5 years | |
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Intervention • Massage therapy | |
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Comparators • Waitlist control • Placebo • Positive controls • Pharmacological treatments • Combinations of treatments • Usual care • Standard care | |
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Outcomes • Children ▪ Physical outcomes (e.g. pain assessment, pulse rate, length of hospital admission, readmission) ▪ Psychosocial outcomes (e.g. anxiety, depression, insomnia, fears, behavioural regression) ▪ Developmental outcomes (e.g. weight gain, intelligence, ability of learning knowledge) • Caregivers ▪ Physical outcomes (e.g. blood pressure) ▪ Psychological outcomes (e.g. economic pressure, anxiety, depression) • Safety of interventions ▪ All adverse events (e.g. an increase in anxiety after receiving an intervention, high drop-out rate) | |
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Timing • Studies of any duration | |
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Setting • Studies of any setting | |
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Study design • Systematic reviews with randomised controlled trials |