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Table 7 Process: themes and examples from each innovation group

From: Factors influencing the implementation of mental health recovery into services: a systematic mixed studies review

Innovation group

Themea

Example

Family-focused innovations

The importance of planning

Early anticipation of issues with hiring new staff and effective planning (particularly the challenge of hiring staff for an innovation based on a model that did not yet exist in the community) helped to enhance workforce criteria over time [91].

Early and continuous engagement with stakeholders

Engaging collaboratively with service providers to revise and refine the forms and protocols they would use as part of the innovation, helped ensure these were clear, simple, and adhered to [91].

Peer workers

The importance of planning

Planning was essential for mitigating known implementation challenges through well-chosen strategies such as having processes for embedding peer workers into the team (e.g. formal introductions, photos on walls) [109], anticipating staff concerns about peer workersʼ boundaries by discussing these in pre-implementation meetings and subsequent supervision [103], reducing role conflict and confusion with clear recruitment strategies [95, 102], policies on staff/client relationships, and operationalization of the peer role, and by providing training [102].

Early and continuous engagement with stakeholders

Engaging with carer and clinician expert reference groups helped identify and select an intervention to be delivered by peer workers [109]. Peer workers felt they could have been engaged with more by being given a clearer leadership role in implementation to resolve issues of confusion, denial, and ineffective implementation of recovery practice [94].

Personal recovery planning

Early and continuous engagement with stakeholders

There was a need for greater, earlier, and more sustained engagement with funders, auditors, psychiatrists, admission and intake staff, and service users [109, 117, 119, 121, 124].

Recovery colleges

Early and continuous engagement with stakeholders

Engaging with organization staff early in the implementation process for their input into processes and procedures helped to leverage existing resources and prompt staff to offer classes in recovery colleges [127].

Service navigation and coordination

The importance of planning

Lack of adequate planning around protocols, work roles, information management, and training was an important contributor to the implementation problems encountered [130, 134].

Early and continuous engagement with stakeholders

A lack of stakeholder engagement was highlighted as an implementation challenge. There was a need for greater engagement with stakeholders such as service users, families, and service providers in the planning stage to collaboratively develop elements such as protocols, work roles, responsibilities, required outcomes, information management, and service logistics and design [130, 134].

  1. aIf the studies in the innovation group did not contribute data to a theme, that theme is not listed under the innovation group and no example is provided