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Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

From: Midazolam for sedation before procedures in adults and children: a systematic review update

Criteria

Description

Studies

• Randomized Controlled Trials in which midazolam was used for sedation before a procedure

• No exclusions based on language or publication status

Participants

• Adults or children

• Studies that included participants undergoing dental procedures were excluded

Interventions

• Studies that used midazolam by any route, at any dose or time, administered before a procedure

• Studies that compared different drugs and different routes were excluded (e.g. intranasal midazolam plus intravenous sedative A versus intranasal sedative A plus intravenous midazolam; intravenous midazolam versus intranasal sedative A)

Outcomes

Primary

• Level of sedation on a sedation assessment scale

• Anxiety

• Incomplete procedures/difficulty performing procedures

• Discomfort/pain

Secondary

• Anterograde amnesia

• Over-sedation

• Disinhibition or excitation

• Quality of recovery

• Allergic or anaphylactoid reactions

• Sedation reversal

• Tolerance of procedure or participant cooperation

• Participant or proceduralist satisfaction