Fig. 1

Transition window. Point of transfer is defined as the point when an adolescent or young adult (AYA) with a chronic condition (CC) moves from one provider to another (i.e., actual point when an AYA moves from a pediatric to an adult-oriented care provider [1]). This is typical around age 18; however, this age can vary. The transition window refers to the entire period of time when processes related to preparing and planning for and adjusting to transition typically occur [1]. Adult specialist care is possible at any point following transfer. This study defines primary care as any services provided by a primary care physician (PCP; e.g., family physicians, nurse practitioners, etc., and in some jurisdiction, pediatricians) to patients across the lifespan