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Table 2 Significance of the four levels of evidence [32]

From: The effect of carnosine or β-alanine supplementation on markers of glycaemic control and insulin resistance in human and animal studies: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Quality level

Definition

High

We are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect.

Moderate

We are moderately confident in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different.

Low

Our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect.

Very low

We have very little confidence in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of the effect.