Table 4 Cost/charges data, standardized to the year 2016 (CCEMG EPPI tool used)
Study ID | Country | Currency | Costs included | Pathway | Control | Reduction of costs, per patient |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chen et al. 2000 [20] | USA | US$ | Total costs including hospital and professional fees: surgery-related costs, treatment-related costs, medications, consultations, and assessment and diagnostic tests. | $8448.62 | $11,476.93 (historical control group, HCG) $9341.37 (non-pathway group, NPG) | HCG vs. pathway: − $3028.31 NPG vs. pathway: − $892.75 |
Gendron et al. 2002 [21] | USA | US$ | The charge summary was divided into the following 6 categories: total, hospital room, pharmacy, operating room, laboratory, and other charges. Professional fees were not included. | $103,160.57 (> 1 year, group 1) $86,155.35 (> 3 years, group 2) | $137,769.62 | Control vs. pathway group 1: − $34,609.05 Control vs. pathway group 2: − $51,614.27 |
Ghosh et al. 2001 [21] (cervical cancer) | USA | US$ | Direct costs were obtained including hospitalization, pharmacy, laboratory, operation room, radiological, and other miscellaneous costs (the last includes: physical therapy, respiratory therapy, patient monitoring, and patient education). | $5204.43 | $7361.88 | − $2157.45 (− 29%) |
Ghosh et al. 2001 [21] (endometrial cancer) | USA | US$ | $5031.83 | $6327.63 | − $1295.80 (− 32%) | |
Jeong et al. 2011 [23] (advanced gastric cancer) | Korea | US$ | Total hospital costs There is no description available of which costs are included. | $9297.65 | $9329.28 | − $31,63 |
Preoperative costs | $1330.75 | $1651.92 | − $321.17 | |||
Postoperative costs | $7966.90 | $7681.14 | + $285.76 | |||
Jeong et al. 2011 [23] (early gastric cancer) | Korea | US$ | Total hospital costs There is no description available of which costs are included. | $9997.61 | $11,119.04 | − $1121.43 |
Preoperative costs | $1475.00 | $1975.97 | − $500.97 | |||
Postoperative costs | $8522.61 | $9143.07 | − $620.46 | |||
Kiyama et al. 2003 [18] | Japan | US$ | The total costs The total direct costs reported were the total medical costs (including medication and examinations). | $13,380.86 | $17,206.63 | − $3825.77 |
Medication costs only | $1695.01 | $2410.03 | − $715,02 | |||
Daily total costs | $519.91 | $495.58 | + $24.33 | |||
Williams et al. 2015 [19] | UK | US$ | Costs included: analgesic drug costs, pain clinic visits, use of physiotherapy, psychology and other resources. | $629.64 | $336.79 | + $292.85 |