Outcome | Results | Grading of results |
---|---|---|
Mortality | OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.70, p = 0.290 | ⇔ |
Wound closure | ⇑a | |
 Wound healing (yes/no) | OR 1.56, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.13, p = 0.008 | ⇑ |
 Time to wound healing (in days) | Studies with low risk of bias: Hedges’ g − 1.33, 95% CI − 1.90 to − 0.77 Studies with low and high risk of bias: Hedges’ g − 0.77, 95% CI − 1.19 to − 0.35, p = 0.005 | ⇑⇑ |
 Time to wound healing after intervention and surgical wound closure | < 6 weeks yes/no: OR 16.07, 95% CI 3.19 to 80.97, p = 0.018 In days: Hedges’ g − 1.14, 95% CI − 1.45 to − 0.84, p < 0.001 | ⇑ |
 Wound healing and/or surgical wound closure (yes/no) | Heterogeneous effects (OR) 95% PI 0.37 to 4.97 | ⇔ |
 Time to wound healing and/or surgical wound closure (in days) | Heterogeneous effects (Hedges’ g) 95% PI − 3.47 to 2.10 | ⇔ |
Adverse events | ⇔b | |
 Additional measures required for direct wound closure | OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.70 to 2.08, p = 0.476 | ⇔ |
 Re-interventions | Yes/no: OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.86, p = 0.021 Number of re-interventions: MD 2.80, 95% CI 0.79 to 4.81, p = 0.008 | ⇑c |
 Bleeding | No effect estimate (OR) is given due to 3 out of 6 studies without events and 3 studies with no statistically significant effects. | ⇔ |
 Infection | Heterogeneous effects (OR) 95% PI 0.07 to 5.21 | ⇔ |
 Overall rate of SAEs | OR 1.02, 95% CI 0.76 to 1.37, p = 0.860 | ⇔ |
 Study discontinuation due to AEs | Heterogeneous effects (OR) 95% PI 0.36 to 13.57 | ⇔ |
Amputation | OR 0.89, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.43, p = 0.588 | ⇔ |
Pain | ⇔ | |
 Continuous | Hedges’ g − 0.16, 95% CI − 0.53 to 0.21, p = 0.32 | ⇔ |
 Dichotomous | No effect estimate (OR) is given due to the large range of the 95% CI containing the zero effect (OR = 1). | ⇔ |
 Pain on application and removal of dressing | Continuous: MD − 0.30, 95% CI − 19.75 to 19.15, p = 0.975 Dichotomous: No statistically significant effects (OR) for all given weeks | ⇔ |
Hospital stay and readmission | ⇑a | |
 Hospital stay (in days) | Study with low risk of bias: MD − 3.50, 95% CI − 5.58 to − 1.42 Studies with low and high risk of bias: MD − 4.78, 95% CI − 7.79 to − 1.76, p = 0.005 | ⇑⇑ |
 Hospital stay (> 1 month yes/no) | OR 0.07, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.17, p = 0.003 | ⇑ |
 Intensive care unit stay (in days) | No effect estimate (MD) is given due to the large range of the 95% CI containing the zero effect (MD = 0). | ⇔ |
 Readmission (yes/no) | OR 1.01, 95% CI 0.44 to 2.31, p = 0.973 | ⇔ |
Health-related quality of life | ⇔ | |
 SF-12 MCS | Hedges’ g 0.01, 95% CI − 0.20 to 0.22, p = 0.937 | ⇔ |
 SF-12 PCS | Heterogeneous effects (Hedges’ g) | ⇔ |
Physical function | ⇔ | |
 Time to resume work or school/restoration of normal activity (in days) | Heterogeneous effects (Hedges’ g) | ⇔ |
 DRI | No statistically significant effects (MD) for all given months | ⇔ |
Dependence on outside help or need for care | No data | ⇔ |