Brealey 2007 [35]
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Historical control study design
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No incentive (the first 105 patients did not receive the £5 incentive)
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The subsequent 442 patients received unconditional direct payment of £5 for the completion and return of questionnaires
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The response rate (12 months after randomisation) following reminders for the historical controls was 78.1% (82 of 105) compared with 88.0% (389 of 442) for those patients who received the £5 payment (diff = 9.9%, 95% CI 2.3 to 19.1%).
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No secondary end point reported
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Rodgers 2016 [36]
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Prospective cohort study
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In-person cash incentive for the first 111 participants
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The subsequent 358 participants were given reloadable bank card for incentive payments
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Retention rates among the card-paid participants at 6 months was 80% vs. 68% cash-paid
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Retention rates among the card-paid participants at 12 months was 72% vs. 66% cash-paid
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