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Table 1 PICO parameters

From: Harms associated with gambling: abbreviated systematic review protocol

 

Harm to….

Gamblers

Close associates of gamblers (e.g. friends/family)

Wider society

Population

Adults and children, all ages, including studies which focus on sub-groups of the population (e.g. by sex, deprivation, geographical location or from an institution)

Issue

Gambling (to include all forms of gambling, including gambling-related aspects of gaming, see the ‘Definitions’ section)

Comparison

None (descriptive studies), any (for comparative studies, e.g. non-gambling general population versus gamblers)

Outcome

Harms to gamblers (e.g. financial, emotional, health)

Harms to close associates of gamblers (e.g. relationship conflict, child neglect)

Harms to wider society (e.g. crime, work absenteeism)