Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

Population

Participants are pregnant women, over the age of 16 (or where there is a range of ages included, the majority of participants are over the age of 16).

Any participants other than pregnant women, or studies that include only adolescents (under the age of 16).

Intervention

Studies testing the effectiveness of a digital intervention (an intervention that attempts to change pregnant women’s vaccination behaviour that are delivered via a digital or mobile device directly to participants) to increase the rate of flu vaccination (if multiple types of intervention are tested, at least one of these needs to be a digital intervention, and results must allow for the rate of vaccination by a digital intervention to be extracted). Appropriate statistical information about the effectiveness must be provided

No intervention is tested, none of the tested interventions are digital

Comparator

Studies comparing the effectiveness of a digital intervention (for example, text message, website, mobile app) to usual care, to a wait-list comparator, to a non-digital intervention, to a digital intervention that is not about flu vaccination, or to a historical control group without digital intervention

No comparator, control, or usual care condition is present.

Outcome

Outcome being studied is the rate of flu vaccination (either actual vaccination behaviour or intention to vaccinate)

The rate of flu vaccination is not the outcome measure

Publication type

Original research studies only

Systematic reviews, protocols, commentaries, conference abstracts

Study design

Studies will be RCTs, non-RCTs, quasi-RCTs, or other quantitative study

Other study designs including quantitative studies that report audits, surveys and similar, and case series, case studies or case reports) or those that do not report the rate of flu vaccination after the implementation of a digital intervention.