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Table 5 Definition of rating scores used to assess the study strength

From: Association between pesticide exposure and paraoxonase-1 (PON1) polymorphisms, and neurobehavioural outcomes in children: a systematic review

Parameter

Score

3

2

1

Pesticide exposure screening method

Pesticide presence performed by main researcher and tools used to determine load well defined, i.e. GCMS and HPLC

Pesticide load determined by sending samples to a private research company, i.e. lab and CDC

Pesticide exposure done by questionnaire, hospital record etc.

Neurodevelopment assessment tool

BSII, WSID

MDI, PDI

Assessment performed by questionnaire

Presence of SNP on PON1

SNP on the PON1 Q192R and -108TT

SNP on PON1 L55M

SNP on PON1 -126 GC, -162AG, -832GA and -909CG

Study design

Prospective, longitudinal and epidemiological

Case control study

Cross-sectional

Sample size

300

≥ 200

≥ 50

Confounder control

Confounding variables well defined and catered for in the study

Confounding variables are addressed but not all

Confounding variables not defined nor addressed

Funding statement

Funding sources and role of funders in study well stated in the article

Role of funders not explained

Funding sources not mentioned in the article

  1. BSID Baylor Scale of Infant Development, GCMS gas chromatography mass spectrometry, HPLC high performance liquid-gas chromatography, CDC Center for Disease Control, SNP single-nucleotide polymorphism, MDI Mental Development Index, PDI Pervasive Development Index