Author and year; country | Condition | Funding | # Included studies (patients)* | # Nodes in network* | Compared CAM with non-CAM? | CAM therapies studied? | Endpoints | Study designs included | Bayes (B) or frequentist (F) approach? | Consistency assumption addressed? | Provides a measurement of treatment ranking (e.g. SUCRA)? |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Devoe (2018); Canada [44] | Clinical high risk for psychosis | Public | 41 (3146) | 7 | Yes | Omega-3 | Reduction of attenuated psychotic symptoms | RCTs; NRS | F | Yes | Yes |
Di (2018); China [111] | Cerebral infarction | Public | 37 (4330) | 6 | Yes | Ginkgo-dipyidamolum injections; Shuxuening injections; Ginaton injections; Ginkgolides injections; Floium Ginkgo extract and Tertram Ethypyrazine Sodium Chloride injections | Total effectiveness of cerebral infarction, changes of neural function defect score, ADRs/ADEs | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Feng (2018); China [58] | Insomnia | Public | 20 (1339) | 12 | Yes | Acupuncture, language induction, listening to music, listening to music and acupuncture, listening to music and language induction, listening to placebo music, music-assisted relaxation, music-assisted relaxation and stimulus control, music with exercise, stimulus control | Sleep quality, sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency | RCTs; CCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Freeman (2018); UK [51] | Psychologic preparation for surgery under general anesthesia | Public | 71 (NR) | 16 | Yes | Relaxation | Length of stay, postoperative pain, negative affect | RCTs | B | No | Yes |
Fu (2018); China [50] | Spasticity in multiple sclerosis | Public | 23 (2n720) | 5 | Yes | Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation | Spasticity scale, incidence of significant improvement, adverse effects | RCTs | B | No | Yes |
Hilfiker (2018); Switzerland [54] | Cancer-related fatigue | Not reported | 245 (NR) | 12 | Yes | Tai Chi, yoga, relaxation, dance, massage, music, healing touch | Cancer-related fatigue | RCTs; quasi-randomized | B | Yes | Yes |
Khan (2018); Malaysia [71] | Stimulation of breast milk production | Public | 5 (320) | 6 | No | Coleus amboinicus Lour (CA), fenugreek, palm dates | Milk production, maternal and neonatal safety | RCTs | F | No | No |
Lee (2018); Korea [53] | Atrophic vaginitis | Public | 9 (4034) | 7 | Yes | Sea buckthorn oil, soy isoflavone vaginal gel. | Efficacy for treatment of atrophic vaginitis and vaginal symptoms | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Liang (2018); China [70] | Alzheimer’s disease | Not reported | 17 (1931) | 4 | Yes | Music therapy | Mini-Mental State Examination, Neuropsychiatric Inventory | RCTs | B | No | Yes |
Pang (2018); China [56] | Prevention of type 2 diabetes (in patients with prediabetes) | Public | 63 (8649) | 11 | Yes | Traditional Chinese medicine | Incidence of diabetes, regression to normoglycaemia | RCTs | F | No | Yes |
Slade (2018); UK [45] | Bulemia nervosa | Public | 21 (1828) | 12 | Yes | Relaxation | Full remission at the end of treatment | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Tsikopoulos (2018); Greece [52] | Chronic ankle instability | Not reported | 19 (789) | 13 | Yes | Manual therapy | Foot and Ankle Ability Measure, Foot and Ankle Disability Index, Ankle Joint Functional Assessment Tool | RCTs | F | Yes | Yes |
van den Akker (2018); Netherlands [47] | Pre-term birth adverse endpoints | No funding | 51 (11,231) | 26 | No | Probiotics | Morbidity, mortality, necrotizing enterocolitis, late-onset sepsis, time until full enteral feeding | RCTs | B | Yes | No |
Wei (2018); China [49] | Macular degeneration | Not reported | 22 (2482) | 11 | Yes | Lutein; antioxidant complex, zinc-monocysteine, and a-lipoic acid | Best-corrected visual acuity change in GA area | RCTs | F | Yes | Yes |
Xie (2018); China [55] | Kashin-Beck disease | Public | 15 (2931) | 7 | No | Sodium selenite, selenium salt, sodium selenite with vitamin C, sodium selenite with vitamin E, selenium-enriched yeast, vitamin C | Effectiveness of selenium supplementation for the treatment of Kashin-Beck disease | RCTs | F | Yes | Yes |
Zhang (2018); China [46] | Stable angina | Public | 43 (4458) | 5 | Yes | Danhong, Danshen, salvianolate, compound Danshen | Clinical improvement rate | RCTs | B | Yes | No |
Zhang (2018); China [107] | Gastric cancer | Public | 26 (2154) | 10 | No | Aidi injection, Astragalus polysaccharide injection, capecitabine, China Biology Medicine disc, Compound Kushen injection, Disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6 injection, Elemene injection, Huachansu injection, Javanica oil emulsion injection, Kangai injection, Lentinan injection, Shenfu injection, Shenmai injection, Shenqifuzheng injection, Xiaoaiping injection | Clinical effectiveness rate, performance status, ADRs | RCTs | B | No | Yes |
Zhu (2018); China [42] | Osteoarthritis (hip, knee) | Public | 61 (22,128) | 6 | Yes | Glucosamine, chondroitin | Pain intensity, function improvement and stiffness score, safety | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Kasatpibal (2017); Thailand [77] | Post-operative complications | Public | 31 (2952) | 7 | Yes | Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics | SSI, UTI, pneumonia, sepsis, duration of antibiotic administration, length of hospital stay, mortality | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Amaral (2017); Brazil [87] | Prevention of respiratory tract infection | Public | 22 (6603) | 11 | No | Lactobacillus casei rhamnosus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus T cell-1, Lactobacillus reuteri, Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus fermentum CECT5716, Streptococcus salivarius K12, Bacillus clausii | Respiratory tract infections, adverse effects | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Cai (2017); China [116] | Antibiotic-associated diarrhea | No funding | 51 (9569) | 9 | No | Probiotics | Diarrhea, treatment tolerability and efficacy, C difficile infection rate, fever rate, dehydration rate | RCTs | F | Yes | Yes |
Catala´-Lopez (2017); Canada [80] | Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | Public | 190 (26,114) | 12 | Yes | Ginkgo biloba, ginseng, pine bark extract, homeopathy, hypercium, iron, zinc, L-carcitine, minerals, amino acids, PUFA, omega3/6, herbal therapy | Treatment response, all-cause discontinuation, discontinuation due to adverse events, serious adverse events, specific adverse events | RCTs | B | Yes | No |
Feng (2017); China [65] | Helicobacter pylori infection | Not reported | 29 (3122) | 12 | No | Probiotics | H. pylori eradication rates, total side effects | RCTs | F | No | Yes |
Feng (2017); China [67] | Crohn’s disease recurrence | Public | 14 (877) | 12 | Yes | Tripterygium wilfordii, Lactobacillus GG | Endoscopic recurrence | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Fu (2017); China [66] | Neurotoxicity from chemotherapy | Public | 23 (2869) | 5 | Yes | Calcium, magnesium, vitamin E | Overall neurotoxicity, severe neurotoxicity | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Haggman-Henrikson (2017); Sweden [63] | Chronic oro-facial pain | No funding | 13 (1243) | 6 | Yes | Ping On | Pain intensity | RCTs | F | No | Yes |
Han (2017); China [102] | Post-stroke recovery | Not reported | 28 (2780) | 7 | No | Chinese Herbal Medicine: Dengzhan Shengmai, Gegensu, Huangqi plus Luotai, Huatuo Zaizao, MLC601 (NeuroAiD), Naoan, Naomaitai, Shuxuetong, Tongxinluo, Xueshuantong, Xixiantongshuan, Buchang Naoxintong, Chuanqiongqin, Mailuoning, Peiyuantongnao, Shenmai, Xuesaitong, Buchang Naoxintong plus Danhong Injection | Treatment response, neurological functional defect scores, Barthel index, Fugl–Meyer assessment, functional independence measure | RCTs | F | Yes | Yes |
Ho (2017); Hong Kong [64] | Functional dyspepsia | Not reported | 22 (1727) | 11 | Yes | Manual acupuncture, electroacupuncture | Alleviation of dyspeptic symptoms, % of patients achieving satisfactory alleviation of global or individual symptoms | SRs | F | Yes | Yes |
Khaing (2017); Thailand [62] | Preeclampsia and gestational hypertension | No funding | 27 (10,625) | 4 | No | Calcium, Vitamin D | Preeclampsia, eclampsia, gestational hypertension or pregnancy induced hypertension | RCTs | F | Yes | Yes |
Li (2017); China [72] | Myofascial pain syndrome | Public | 33 (1692) | 10 | Yes | Dry needling and muscle energy technique, scraping+warming acupuncture+moxibustion (SWAM), eletcro-acupuncture, manual acupuncture, electrospoon needle-cupping, dry needling and stretching, mini scalpel needle, multiple deep intramuscular stimulation therapy, sparrow-pecking, Myofascial trigger therapy, physical therapy | Pain intensity, pressure pain threshold, adverse events | RCTs | F | Yes | Yes |
Ma (2017); China [113] | Gastrointestinal cancer | Public | 23 (10,684) | 9 | Yes | Polysaccharide K | Overall survival, disease-free survival | RCTs | F | Yes | Yes |
MacPherson (2017); USA [103] | Osteoarthritis (knee) | Public | 114 (9709) | 22 | Yes | Acupuncture, tai chi, balneotherapy, TENS, pulsed electromagnetic field therapy, pulsed electrical stimulation, NMES | Pain | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Muñoz FSS (2017); Brazil [106] | Alzheimer's disease | Not reported | 27 (4556) | 7 | No | Antioxidants, B-vitamins, inositol, medium-chain triglyceride, omega-3,polymeric formulas, polypeptide, vitamin D | Behavioral disturbances, cognitive/ functional/ global performance | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Sarri (2017); UK [57] | Vasomotor symptoms | Public | 47 (8326) | 7 | Yes | Acupuncture, relaxation, multi-botanicals, valerin root, Chinese herbal medicine, black cohosh | Frequency of vasomotor symptoms at end of treatment, vaginal bleeding, treatment discontinuation | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Sekercioglu (2017); Canada [86] | Chronic kidney disease mineral and bone disorder | No funding | 26 (6760) | 8 | Yes | Calcium, iron, calcium/magnesium | Phosphate levels; serum calcium; serum parathyroid hormone | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Su (2017); China [79] | Contrast-induced acute kidney injury | Public | 150 (31,631) | 12 | Yes | N-acetylcysteine, vitamin and its analogues | Occurrence of contrast-induced acute kidney injury | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
van Nooten (2017); Netherlands [84] | Diabetic neuropathy | Private | 25 (5870) | 6 | Yes | Capsaicin 8% patch | % of patients with ≥ 30% and ≥ =50% pain reduction relative to baseline | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Wang (2017); China [68] | Helicobacter pylori infection | Public | 140 (20,215) | 7 | No | Probiotics | Rates of eradication, adverse events | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Wang (2017); China [85] | Chronic fatigue syndrome | Public | 31 (2255) | 5 | Yes | Chinese herbal medicine, acupuncture, moxibustion | Response rate | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Wei (2017); China [112] | Prevention of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neurotoxicity (OIPN) | Public | 25 (1572) | 6 | Yes | Huangqi injection, Shenmai injection, Shenfu injection, Buyang Huanwu decoction, Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu decoction | Overall OIPN incidence, severe OIPN incidence | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Wen (2017); China [61] | Helicobacter pylori infection | Not reported | 17 (1932) | 9 | No | Probiotics | Eradication rates of H.pylori, side effects | RCTs | F | No | No |
Westby (2017); UK [81] | Pressure ulcers | Public | 51 (2947) | 21 | Yes | Honey-based wound dressing | Complete wound healing, time to complete healing | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Woods (2017); UK [78] | Osteoarthritis (knee) | Public | 88 (7507) | 18 | Yes | Manual therapy, acupuncture, TENS, Balneotherapy, NMES, Tai Chi, PEMF, inferential therapy | Quality of life | RCTs | B | Yes | No |
Yang (2017); China [69] | Blood pressure reduction | Public | 19 (1459) | 7 | Yes | Qigong, tai chi, yoga | Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Yeh (2017); China [59] | Psoriasis | Not reported | 10 (1060) | 6 | Yes | Catgut embedding, acupuncture, acupressure, bloodletting | Treatment response, adverse events | RCTs | B | Yes | No |
Yu (2017); China [83] | Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) | No funding | 27 (4649) | 4 | Yes | Probiotics, arginine, lactoferrin, probiotics + fructo-oligosaccharides | NEC, all-cause mortality, sepsis, NEC-related mortality, hospitalization days | RCTs | B | No | Yes |
Zhang (2017); China [105] | Gastric cancer | Public | 81 (5978) | 10 | Yes | Chinese herbs injections | Treatment response, performance status, ADRs | RCTs | B | No | Yes |
Zhang (2017); China [82] | Pancreatic cancer | Public | 22 (1329) | 8 | Yes | Disodium cantharidinate and vitamin B6, Huanchansu, Javanica oil emulsion injection, Kangai, Kanglaite, Shenqifuzheng | Clinical effectiveness rate, performance status, nausea and vomiting, ADRs | RCTs | B | No | Yes |
Zhang (2017); China [88] | Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome | No funding | 16 (905) | 8 | Yes | Chonroitin sulfate | Global response assessment, pain, urinary frequency, urinary urgency, bladder capacity restoration | RCTs | F | Yes | Yes |
Chung (2016); Hong Kong [92] | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | not reported | 11 (925) | 4 | Yes | Chinese herbal medicine | Change in FEV1, St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire, 6-Minute Walk Test | RCTs | F | Yes | Yes |
Dong (2016); Germany [96] | Lateral epicondylalgia | Not reported | 27 (1913) | 13 | Yes | Peppering technique; prolotherapy | Change in pain scores | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Dulai (2016); USA [89] | Prevention of advanced metachronous neoplasia | No funding | 15 (12,234) | 10 | Yes | Calcium, vitamin D, folic acid | Prevention of advanced metachronous neoplasia within 3-5 years of index colonoscopy, prevention of any metachronous neoplasia, risk of serious adverse events | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Howarth (2016); USA [104] | Exposure to domestic violence | Public | 13 (1345) | 11 | Yes | Play therapy | child behavior disorders, child behavior symptoms, children’s mental health, depression, psychiatric symptoms, anxiety, self-harm, PTSD, school attendance or school functioning, children’s self-esteem, children’s happiness/social relationships, child quality of life, intervention of social services | RCTs | B | No | No |
Huang (2016); China [74] | Acute promyelocytic leukemia | Public | 21 (1666) | 9 | Yes | All-trans retinoic acid, realgar-Indigo naturalis formula | Event-free survival, complete remission, early death, remission time, hepatic toxicity, differentiation syndrome | RCTs | F | Yes | Yes |
Linde (2016); Germany [108] | Depression | Public | 100 (21,298) | 22 | Yes | St John’s Wort | Response to treatment (≥ 50% score reduction on a depression symptom severity scale) | RCTs | F | yes | no |
Morrell (2016); UK [76] | Post-natal depression | Public | 44 (NR) | 6 | Yes | Calcium, DHA, selenium | Maternal depression, anxiety, well-being | RCTs and SRs | B | No | Yes |
Palmer (2016); Italy [109] | Chronic kidney disease | No funding | 77 (12,562) | 3 | Yes | Calcium, iron | All-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, adverse events, serum phosphorus and calcium levels, coronary artery calcification | RCTs | F | Yes | Yes |
Pompoli (2016); Italy [93] | Panic disorder | Public | 54 (3021) | 6 | Yes | Psychodynamic therapies, physical therapy (e.g. breathing retraining, progressive muscle relaxation, applied relaxation) | Short-term remission of panic disorder (with or without agoraphobia), short-term response of panic disorder, dropouts for any reason | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Qin (2016); China [73] | Chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome | Not reported | 12 (1203) | 7 | Yes | Acupuncture, sham acupuncture, electroacupuncture | Change in total NIH-CPSI, changes in NIH-CPSI subscales, adverse events due to treatments | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Rochwerg (2016); Canada [94] | Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | No funding | 19 (5694) | 11 | Yes | N-acetylcysteine (NAC) | Mortality, serious adverse events | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Sawangjit (2016); Malaysia [90] | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease | Not reported | 44 (3802) | 11 | Yes | Vitamin E and C | Fibrosis, death overall or related to liver and cardiovascular disease, cirrhosis, ballooning degeneration, steatosis, lobular inflammation, and NAS, mean changes in NAS, ballooning, steatosis, and lobular inflammation, adverse effects | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Skapinakis. P (2016); UK [75] | Obsessive-compulsive disorder | Public | 54 (288) | 17 | Yes | St John’s Wort | Yale–Brown obsessive-compulsive scale (YBOCS) | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Wang (2016); China [91] | Rheumatoid arthritis | Public | 22 (5255) | 7 | Yes | Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F | Treatment response (ACR 20, 50, or 70), patient evaluation of pain, blood acute-phase reactants, withdrawal of patients due to drug-emergent adverse events | RCTs | F | Yes | Yes |
Wu (2016); Hong Kong [95] | Non-small cell lung cancer | Not reported | 61 (4247) | 12 | Yes | Shen-qi-fu-zheng injection, Kang-ai injection, Compound ku-shen injection, Kang-la-te injection, Xiao-ai-ping injection, Zi-jin-long tablet, Shen-fu injection, Yi-fei-bai-du decoction, Fei-liu-ping extract, Hai-shen-su, extract from Tegillarca granosa, Fu-zheng-jiedu decoction | Quality of life | RCTs | F | No | Yes |
Dong (2015); China [99] | Stroke prevention | Public | 17 (86,393) | 8 | No | Folic acid, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, niacin | Risk of stroke, cerebral infarction, and cerebral hemorrhage | RCTs | B | Yes | No |
Dong (2015); China and Germany [43] | Shoulder impingement syndrome | No funding | 33 (2300) | 4 | Yes | Acupuncture, kinesio taping therapy, pulsed electromagnetic field therapy | Pain score | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Gartlehner (2015); USA [60] | Major depressive disorder | Public | 127 (NR) | 10 | Yes | Omega-3 fatty acids, Acupuncture, S-adenosyl methionine, St. John’s wort | Response to treatment, remission, speed of response, speed of remission, relapse, quality of life, functional capacity, reduction of suicidal ideas or behaviors, reduction of hospitalization, overall adverse events, withdrawals due to adverse events, serious adverse events, specific adverse events | RCTs | F | No | No |
Grant (2015); USA [48] | Menopausal symptoms | Public | 283 (NR) | 8 | Yes | Black cohosh, ginseng, isoflavones | Vasomotor symptoms, quality of life, psychological, sexual function, sleep disturbance | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Kongtharvonskul (2015); Thailand [101] | Osteoarthritis (knee) | No funding | 31 (NR) | 4 | Yes | Glucosamine | Pain, total and subWOMAC scores (pain, stiffness, and function), Lequesne algofunctional index, joint space width, adverse events | RCTs | F | No | No |
Lehert (2015); USA [98] | Cognitive aging | Public | 24 (NR) | 11 | Yes | B-Vitamins, Tai Chi, Vitamin D, Yoga, Omega-3, soy isoflavones | Global cognition, episodic memory | RCTs | F | Unclear | No |
Lewis (2015); UK [38] | Sciatica | Public | 122 (NR) | 21 | Yes | Manipulation, acupuncture, passive physical therapy, radiofrequency treatment | Global effect, pain intensity | RCTs; NRS | B | No | Yes |
Linde (2015); Germany [39] | Depressive disorders | Public | 66 (15,161) | 9 | Yes | St. John's Wort | Efficacy; discontinuation due to adverse effects | RCTs | B | Yes | No |
Loveman (2015); UK [100] | Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis | Public | 11 (3294) | 6 | Yes | N-acetylcysteine (NAC, Triple NAC, and inhaled NAC) | Decline in forced vital capacity | RCTs | B | Yes | No |
Reinecke (2015); Germany [110] | Chronic pain | Public | 46 (10,742) | 5 | Yes | Physiotherapy (hydrotherapy, osteopathic intervention vs. sham, active non-invasive interactive neurostimulation, balneotherapy, Qigong, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, reflexology, electromagnetic field therapy, hypnosis | Pain, analgesic effects, adverse events | RCTs | F | No | No |
Steenhuis (2015); Netherlands [97] | Psychotic disorders | Public | 10 (576) | 5 | Yes | Music therapy, yoga therapy | Depressive symptoms | RCTs | F | Yes | No |
Zeng (2015); China [40] | Osteoarthritis (knee) | Public | 20 (995) | 7 | no | Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, interferential current, pulsed electrical stimulation, non-invasive interactive neurostimulation | Pain intensity, change in pain score | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Zhu (2015); China [41] | Hepatic encephalopathy | Public | 20 (1007) | 6 | Yes | L-ornithine-L-aspartate, branched chain amino acids | Clinical improvement, blood ammonia concentration, mental status, adverse effects | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Gerger (2014); Switzerland [35] | Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | Public | 66 (4190) | 8 | No | EMDR and stress management (includes some forms of relaxation and biofeedback) | Severity of PTSD symptoms | RCTs | B | Yes | No |
Griebeler (2014); USA [36] | Diabetic neuropathy | Public | 65 (12,632) | 10 | Yes | Topical capsaicin | Pain relief | RCTs | B | Yes | No |
Kriston (2014); Germany [34] | Persistent depressive disorder | Public | 45 (11,154) | 9 | Yes | Acetyl-l carnitine | Treatment response (≥ 50% improvement), acceptability | RCTs | B | Yes | No |
Wang (2014); China [37] | Gastric cancer | Not reported | 38 (2761) | 10 | No | Chinese Herb Injections: Aidi injection, Astragalus polysaccharides injection, Cinobufacini injection, Compound matrine injection, Delisheng injection, Ginseng polysugar injection, Kangai injection, Kanglaite injection, Shenqifuzheng injection, Yadanziyouru injection | Karnofsky (KPS) score, overall response rate, nausea, and vomiting, leukopenia | RCTs | B | No | No |
Cawston (2013); Germany [32] | Chronic low back pain | Industry | 15 (5374) | 18 | Yes | Glucosamine | Treatment efficacy | RCTs | B | No | No |
Corbett (2013); UK [114] | Osteoarthritis (knee) | Public | 114 (9709) | 9 | Yes | Acupuncture, balneotherapy, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, pulsed electrical stimulation, pulsed electromagnetic fields, static magnets, Tai Chi, TENS | Pain | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Nüesch (2013); Switzerland [31] | Fibromyalgia syndrome | Public | 102 (14,982) | 11 | Yes | Balneotherapy | Pain, quality of life | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Snedecor (2013); USA [33] | Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy | Industry | 58 (11,883) | 32 | Yes | Capsaicin, alpha-lipoic acid, sativex | Pain reduction | RCTs | B | Yes | Yes |
Thakkinstian (2012); Unclear [30] | Chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome | Not reported | 19 (1669) | 5 | Yes | Phytotherapy (not specified) | Total symptom scores, pain scores, voiding score, quality of life, treatment response | RCTs | F | No | No |
Anothaisintawee (2011); Thailand [29] | Chronic prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome | Public | 23 (2315) | 8 | Yes | Phytotherapy (not specified) | Total symptom scores, pain score, voiding score, QoL score, | RCTs | F | No | No |
Imamura (2010); UK [27] | Stress urinary incontinence | Public | 55 (6608) | 14 | Yes | Electrical stimulation | Cure rate, improvement rate | RCTs and quasi-RCTs | B | No | Yes |
Wandel (2010); Switzerland [28] | Osteoarthritis (hip, knee) | Public | 10 (3803) | 4 | No | Chondroitin and glucosamine | Pain | RCTs | B | Yes | No |