Systematic review and meta-analysis protocol for efficacy and safety of Momordica charantia L. on animal models of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Table 3 The secondary endpoint of type 2 diabetes mellitus and their measurement

Features	Measurement
Chronic hyperglycemia	Glycosylated hemoglobin A_1c
Insulin resistance	HOMA-IR, hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp
β cell dysfunction	IGT, HOMA-B, Serum insulin concentration
β cell mass	Whole pancreas insulin content
Lypolysis/obese/dyslipidaemia	FFAs, TGs, TC, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol
Liver glycogen	Liver glycogen
Safety profile
Weight	Weight of animal
Liver profile	ALT, AST, ALP, Gamma glutamyl transpeptidase
Kidney profile	Urea, urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, total protein, albumin, globulin, bilirubin total
Mortality	Number of animals died*
Ions	Calcium, phosphorus
Hematological parameters	Haemoglobin, packed cell volume, total red blood cells, total white blood cells, differential white cell counts, platelet count, and absolute red blood cell indices

AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALP alkaline phosphatase, ALT alanine aminotransferase, FFAs free fat acids, HDL high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HOMA-IR homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, HOMA-B homeostatic model assessment of β cell function, IGT impaired glucose tolerance, LDL low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TC total cholesterol, TGs triglycerides. *Event count, all other outcomes are continuous data

ISSN: 2046-4053