Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria using the PCC framework
Category | Inclusion criteria | Exclusion criteria |
|---|---|---|
Population | • Adult (≥ 18 years of age) critically ill patients | • Critically ill patients younger than 18 years of age • Evidence from nutritional therapy guidelines in other groups either than critically ill adults |
Concept | Availability, implementation, compliance and/or adherence to: • Nutritional therapy guidelines • Nutritional support guidelines • Nutritional practice guidelines for enteral and parenteral nutrition • Artificial feeding guidelines • Standardized nutritional practices • Nutrition clinical practice guidelines • Nutritional practice recommendations • Nutritional therapy protocols, guides, procedures, and algorithms • Other reports on nutritional therapy, nutritional support, enteral nutrition, parenteral nutrition, and artificial feeding | • Studies reporting on critically ill adults on oral nutritional intake |
Context | • Studies conducted in critically ill patients in the ICU, general ward, and community including home-based nutrition support • Studies conducted in any geographic setting • All types of study designs such as qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies • Studies published from January 2002 to March 2019 | • Studies published outside the preferred date range of this study, namely, before January 2002 and after March 2019, as guidelines of most countries were developed and published around the year 2002 |