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Table 2 PROSPERO protocols with a single risk of bias tool listed

From: Risk of bias tools in systematic reviews of health interventions: an analysis of PROSPERO-registered protocols

Study designs to be included in systematic review

RCT only

N = 156

RCT and NRS

N = 163

Tool

N(%)

Tool

N (%)

Cochrane RoB Tool [5]

133 (85.2)

Cochrane RoB Tool [5]

58 (35.6)

PEDro Scale [17]

9 (5.8)

Newcastle-Ottawa Scale [18]

20 (12.3)

Jadad Scale [19]

4 (2.6)

Downs and Black [16]

14 (8.6)

Cochrane RoB 2 Tool [20]

3 (1.9)

ROBINS-I [21]

7 (4.3)

Tool listed < 2 times

7 (4.5)

GRADE approach* [22]

6 (3.7)

  

Mixed Methods Assessment Tool [23]

6 (3.7)

  

Cochrane Handbook* [24]

5 (3.1)

  

PEDro Scale [17]

5 (3.1)

  

Jadad Scale [19]

4 (2.5)

  

McMaster Critical Review Forum [25]

4 (2.5)

  

EPHPP [26]

3 (1.8)

  

MINORS [27]

3 (1.8)

  

Oxford CEBM Levels of Evidence [28]

3 (1.8)

  

Quality Criteria Checklist: Primary Research [29]

3 (1.8)

  

NHLBI Pre-Post Quality Appraisal Tool [30]

2 (1.2)

  

QUADAS-2 [31]

2 (1.2)

  

Tool listed < 2 times

18 (11.0)

  1. Note: Tools listed only once were excluded. Unless “2” or “2.0” was specifically stated, it was assumed that the original version of the Cochrane RoB Tool was being referenced
  2. EPHPP = Effective Public Health Practice Project tool, MINORS = Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies, NHLBI = National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NRS = non-randomized study; Oxford CEBM = Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine Levels of Evidence, PEDro = Physiotherapy Evidence Database, QUADAS = Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies, RCT = Randomized controlled trial; RoB = Risk of bias; ROBINS-I = Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies - of Interventions
  3. +These are not RoB tools, but were identified as such by protocol authors