Criteria | Description |
---|---|
Patients/population | Any patient who has undergone cleft palate repair. Inclusion criteria: 1. Studies with 10 or more participants 2. Human studies 3. Patients undergoing initial cleft palate repair 4. Patients with or without a syndrome; with or without a genetic anomaly Exclusion criteria: 1. Studies containing less than 90% participants with cleft palate (with or without cleft lip) 2. Non-human studies 3. Studies with patients with isolated cleft lip only |
Exposures | Any exposure (or non-interventional factors) which may influence speech outcomes including gender, cleft phenotype, timing of cleft palate surgery, presence of syndrome, or Robin sequence (please see text below) |
Comparison | Exposures* will be compared within each sub-category, i.e. for gender, timing of surgery, cleft phenotype, presence of syndrome, or Robin sequence |
Outcomes | 1. The proportion of patients who had or were recommended further surgery for velopharyngeal insufficiency (i.e. proportion of patients undergoing or who were recommended re-operation or speech surgery) 2. The proportion of patients with normal velopharyngeal function for speech following initial cleft palate repair |