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Table 5 Secondary outcomes of interest from studies

From: A systematic review of enteric dysbiosis in chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis

Author

Secondary outcome measure (s)

Result (s)

GI symptoms

 Mandarono et al.

Unknown tool

Gastrointestinal symptoms reported in 65% CFS/ME vs. 35% HC

Symptom severity

 Mandarano et al.

Bell’s disability scale

Higher reported severity of CFS/ME-related symptoms in CFS/ME vs. HC

QoL

 Shukla et al.

MFI

Higher scores in CFS/ME vs. HC (p < 0.05) for general and physical fatigue, reduced activity and motivation and mental fatigue

Psychological symptoms

 Rao et al.

BAI

Improved anxiety scores in the treatment group (p = 0.01)

 Shukla et al.

POMS

Higher scores for fatigue, confusion and total mood disturbance in CFS/ME vs. HC (p < 0.05)

Lower scores for vigour in CFS/ME vs. HC (p < 0.05)

  1. GI gastrointestinal, IBS inflammatory bowel syndrome, CFS/ME chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis, HC healthy control, QoL quality of life, MFI Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, BAI Beck’s Anxiety Inventory, POMS Profile of Mood States