Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria

• Any research design

• Young adults in the 10–19-year-old age range

• Interventions involving a trusted adult figure

• Outcomes relating to health and wellbeing and/or education

• Studies published during or after 2007

• Research protocols or reports without resulting outcomes

• Children < 10 years of age, or > 19 years of age

• Parenting programmes that focus solely on parenting skills

• Specific pre-existing health/learning conditions (e.g. autism)

• Non-human studies

• Non-English language studies

• Pre-2007 publications