Table 7 Summary of mortality outcome for device, dialysis, and glucose control interventions for a significant difference in mortality
From: Anesthesia interventions that alter perioperative mortality: a scoping review
First author, year | Type of surgery | Anesthesia-related intervention theme | Intervention/ comparison details | Perioperative phase, duration of intervention | Impact on mortality* (outcome definition, timing) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Durmaz, 2003 | Cardiac, 44 | Dialysis | Prophylactic preoperative hemodialysis for patients undergoing CABG surgery with underlying renal failure. Usual care: received postoperative dialysis if there was a 50% increase in serum creatinine from baseline or patient exhibited inadequate urine output less than 400 mL for 24 h despite correction of hemodynamic status and diuretic therapy. | Preoperative, postoperative Every day for a time period | Decreased mortality (in-hospital mortality, NR) |
Thielman, 2013 | Cardiac, 329 | Medical device | Remote ischemic preconditioning took place after induction of anesthesia and before skin incision. Three cycles of 5 min ischemia, achieved by inflation of a blood pressure cuff to 200 mmHg, followed by 5 min reperfusion while the cuff was deflated were applied to the upper left arm. No treatment | Intraoperative Once | Decreased mortality (all-cause 30-day mortality, secondary outcome) |
Qiu, 2009 | Cardiac, 221 | Medical Device | “The IABP catheter used was 8 F 34 ml balloon Percor STAT-DL Catheter (Datascope Corp, Fairfield, NJ) connected to a Datascope portable computerized console (Datascope), placed using percutaneous insertion technique via the femoral artery.” “Preoperative insertion was normally performed in the anesthesia preparation room in the operating room (OR) prior to induction of anesthesia.” | Intraoperative During most of the intraoperative period | Decreased mortality (in-hospital, NR) |
van den Berghe, 2001 | NR, 1548 | Glucose control | Intensive insulin therapy (target blood glucose of 80–110 mg/dL) in mechanically ventilated ICU patients Usual care: a continuous infusion of insulin (50 IU in 50 mL 0.9% NaCl) was started only if the blood glucose level exceeded 215 mg/dL, with the infusion adjusted to maintain the level between 180 and 200 mg/dL. | Postoperative In the intervention group, the intensive treatment approach was followed until the patient was discharged from the intensive care unit, at which point the conventional approach was adopted. | Decreased mortality (death during intensive care, primary outcome) Decreased mortality (in-hospital mortality, secondary outcome) |