Table 3 Overview of the quality assessment
Authors, year | Reporting (0–11) | External validity (0–3) | Internal validity—bias (0–7) | Internal validity—confounding (0–7) | Power (0–1) | Total (0–29) | Adjusted totala (0–26) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Attwood et al., 2008 [21] | 8 | 0 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 17 (58.6%) | 14 (53.9%) |
Begh et al., 2015 [22] | 6 | 1 | 7 | 4 | 1 | 19 (65.5%) | – |
Charles et al., 2015 [37] | 10 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 0 | 15 (51.7%) | 12 (46.2%) |
Cox et al., 2015 [35] | 9 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 18 (62.1%) | – |
Elfeddali et al., 2016 [23] | 9 | 1 | 6 | 4 | 1 | 21 (72.4%) | – |
Fadardi and Cox, 2009 [13] | 9 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 17 (58.6%) | – |
Field and Eastwood, 2005 [24] | 8 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 17 (58.65) | 14 (53.9%) |
Field et al., 2007 [33] | 8 | 1 | 7 | 2 | 0 | 18 (62.1%) | 15 (57.7%) |
Kerst and Waters, 2014 [25] | 11 | 0 | 6 | 4 | 0 | 21 (72.4%) | 18 (69.2%) |
Lee and Lee, 2015 [26] | 10 | 1 | 7 | 5 | 0 | 23 (79.3%) | 20 (76.9%) |
Lopes et al., 2014 [34] | 10 | 2 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 20 (69.0%) | – |
Mayer et al., 2016 [27] | 7 | 0 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 16 (55.2%) | – |
McGeary et al., 2014 [28] | 7 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 12 (41.45) | 9 (34.6%) |
McHugh et al., 2010 [29] | 7 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 15 (51.7%) | 12 (46.2%) |
Schoenmakers et al., 2007 [30] | 10 | 0 | 5 | 4 | 0 | 19 (65.5%) | 16 (61.5%) |
Schoenmakers et al., 2010 [31] | 8 | 1 | 7 | 6 | 0 | 22 (75.9%) | – |
Wiers et al., 2015 [36] | 9 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 16 (55.2%) | – |
Ziaee et al., 2016 [32] | 8 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 1 | 17 (58.6%) | – |