All studies | Inclusion criteria | ||
Publication details | English, abstract, original study, peer-reviewed article, or conference proceeding, any year. Human subjects any age, but not foetal. Any setting. | ||
DTA studies | Inclusion criteria | Preliminary (non-DTA) studies | Inclusion criteria |
Population | Patients with a diagnosis or subjective symptoms of a GI condition (pathological or functional). | Population | Patients with a diagnosis or subjective symptoms of a GI condition (pathological or ‘functional’) and healthy controls. Some studies had groups for multiple conditions. |
Index test | Computerised analysis of bowel sounds | Index test | Computerised analysis of bowel sounds |
Reference test | Standard method used for diagnosis | Comparator(s) | Healthy controls or different target condition groups diagnosed by standard methods |
Diagnosis | Confirmed or excluded diagnosis of GI condition(s) | Outcome | Results of statistical analysis testing for heterogeneity or associations between bowel sound feature and condition(s) |