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Table 2 Baseline characteristics of patients in included studies

From: B-type natriuretic peptide-guided therapy for heart failure (HF): a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data (IPD) and aggregate data

Study

Number of patients (BNP-guided/symptom-guided)

Age (years)

Mean (SD)

Patients ≥ 75 years

n (%)

Male

n (%)

LVEF (%)

Median (IQR)*

LVEF ≥ 40%**n (%)

NYHA class I/II/III/IV

Smoking status (non-smoker/ex-smoker/current smoker)

Body mass index, kg/m2(mean, SD)

Systolic BP, mmHG (mean, SD)

Diastolic BP, mmHG (mean, SD)

Studies that provided IPD

Anguita [20]

60 (30/30)

69 (10)

18/54 (33%)

41/60 (68%)

40 (26, 65)

27/55 (49%)

3/38/19/0

37/7/16

–

–

–

Northstar [27]

407 (199/208)

73 (8)

186/407 (46%)

309/407 (76%)

30 (25, 35)

36/402 (9%)

80/268/59/0

47/114/110

26 (5)

127 (19)

73 (12)

Shochat [32]

120 (60/60)

70 (11)

50/120 (42%)

103/120 (86%)

30 (25, 35)

11/75 (15%)

1/55/41/16

34/0/40

–

125 (21)

74 (11)

Starbrite [31]

130 (65/65)

60 (15)

24/130 (18%)

91/130 (70%)

20 (15, 25)

0/129 (0%)

–

–

29 (8)

111 (21)

69 (13)

Upstep [24]

268 (140/128)

71 (10)

105/268 (39%)

196/268 (73%)

–

0/268 (0%)

0/83/147/37

–

27 (5)

–

–

All

985 (494/491)

70 (11)

383/979 (39%)

740/985 (75%)

30 (20, 35)

74/929 (8%)

84/444/266/53

118/121/166

27 (5)

124 (21)

73 (12)

Studies that provided aggregate data§

Christchurch

Pilot [29]

69 (33/36)

70 (10)

24/69 (35%)

53/69 (7%)

27 (8)

0/69 (0%)

~ 70% (class II)

–

–

127 (SD not provided)

76 (SD not provided)

Time-CHF HFrEF [26]

499 (251/248)

76 (8)

289/499 (58%)

327/499 (66%)

30 (8)

0/499 (0%)

371/499 (74%) (≥ class III)

–

25 (4)

119 (19)

–

Time-CHF HFpEF [33]

123 (59/64)

80 (7)

–

42/123 (34%)

56 (6)

123/123 (100%)

0/21/82/20

–

27 (5)

136 (23)

74 (12)

Berger [21]

188 (92/96)

71 (12)

88/188 (47%)

147/188 (78%)

29 (9)

11/188 (6%)

All patients class III–IV

–

–

121 (18)

72 (12)

Prima [22]

345 (174/171)

72 (12)

166/345 (48%)

197/345 (57%)

36 (14)

93/345 (27%)

37/234/74

166/105/74

–

118 (21)

69 (11)

Signal-HF [25]

252 (127/125)

78 (7)

184/252 (73%)

180/252 (71%)

32 (8)

5/252 (2%)

0/154/96/0

–

–

134 (22)

74 (12)

Battlescarred [28]

242 (121/121)

74 (9)

138/242 (57%)

157/242 (65%)

39 (15)

90/242 (37%)

24/162/52/4

–

–

124 (23)

71 (13)

Stars-BNP [23]

220 (110/110)

66 (5)

–

127/220 (58%)

31 (8)

–

–

101/220 (current smokers)

–

–

–

Protect [30]

151 (75/76)

63 (14)

38/151 (25%)

127/151 (84%)

27 (9)

0/151 (0%)

129/151 (85%) (class II–III)

92/48/11

29 (6)

110 (16)

66 (9)

Guide-IT [11]

894 (446/448)

62 (51 to 70) in BNP-guided group, 64 (54–72) in symptom-guided group***

161/894 (18%)

608/894 (68%)

25 (19 to 30)***

All had LVEF ≤ 40%

59/447/358/17 of 881

–

–

114 (102 to 128) in BNP-guided group, 114 (101 to 128) in symptom-guided group***

–

  1. *Mean (SD) for studies providing aggregate data. **≥ 45% for studies providing aggregate data. ***Median and interquartile range, § data from original reports or IPD meta-analysis by Troughton et al. [9] and Brunner La-Rocca et al. [17]. Missing data: Age, Anguita—6 patients with missing data; LVEF, Anguita—5 patients with missing data; Northstar—5 patients with missing data; Shochat—45 patients with missing data; Starbrite—1 patient with missing data; BMI, Northstar—4 patients with missing data; Starbrite—45 patients with missing data; Upstep—3 patients with missing data; SBP, Shochat—37 patients with missing data; Starbrite—1 patient with missing data; DBP, Northstar—1 patient with missing data; Shochat—37 patients with missing data; Starbrite—1 patient with missing data