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Table 3 Descriptive characteristics of eligible RCTs

From: Dietary intakes of flavan-3-ols and cardiovascular health: a field synopsis using evidence mapping of randomized trials and prospective cohort studies

 

Total N (%)

RCT parallel N (%)

RCT crossover N (%)

N publications

223 (100.00)

139 (62.33)

84 (37.67)

Blinding

 Double-blind

124 (55.61)

87 (62.59)

37 (44.05)

 Single-blind

40 (17.94)

19 (13.67)

21 (25.00)

 Not blinded

25 (11.21)

14 (10.07)

11 (13.10)

 Not reported

34 (15.25)

19 (13.67)

15 (17.86)

Mean age

 < 50 years

98 (43.95)

57 (41.01)

41 (48.81)

 ≥ 50 years

125 (56.05)

82 (58.99)

43 (51.19)

Baseline health

 Healthy

65 (29.15)

29 (20.86)

36 (42.86)

 At risk for CVD

127 (56.95)

91 (65.47)

36 (42.86)

 Existing CVD

11 (4.93)

5 (3.60)

6 (7.14)

 Mixed

11 (4.93)

6 (4.32)

5 (5.95)

 Other

9 (4.04)

8 (5.76)

1 (1.19)

Study region

 Africa

2 (0.90)

0 (0.00)

2 (2.38)

 Asia

29 (13.00)

28 (20.14)

1 (1.19)

 Australia

12 (5.38)

6 (4.32)

6 (7.14)

 Eastern Europe

5 (2.24)

5 (3.60)

0 (0.00)

 Western Europe

86 (38.57)

38 (27.34)

48 (57.14)

 Middle East

24 (10.76)

23 (16.55)

1 (1.19)

 North America

59 (26.46)

34 (24.46)

25 (29.76)

 South America

5 (2.24)

4 (2.88)

1 (1.19)

 Mixed

1 (0.45)

1 (0.72)

0 (0.00)

Intervention

 Apple

4 (1.79)

1 (0.72)

3 (3.57)

 Berries

36 (16.14)

24 (17.27)

12 (14.29)

 Black tea

16 (7.17)

9 (6.47)

7 (8.33)

 Chocolate

52 (23.21)

27 (19.42)

25 (29.76)

 Cinnamon

18 (8.07)

17 (12.23)

1 (1.19)

 monomers

9 (4.04)

6 (4.32)

3 (3.57)

 polymers

1 (0.45)

1 (0.72)

0 (0.00)

 Grape

7 (3.14)

4 (2.88)

3 (3.57)

 Grape seed

13 (5.83)

9 (6.47)

4 (4.57)

 Green tea

31 (13.90)

26 (18.71)

5 (5.95)

 Mixed/other

3 (1.35)

3 (2.16)

0 (0.00)

 Tea

8 (3.59)

4 (2.88)

4 (4.76)

 Wine

25 (11.21)

8 (5.76)

17 (20.24)

  1. CVD cardiovascular disease, N number, RCT randomized controlled trial