From: Applying the ROBINS-I tool to natural experiments: an example from public health
Domain 1: confounding | Domain 2: selection | Domain 3: classification of intervention | Domain 4: deviation from interventions | Domain 5: missing data | Domain 6: measurement of outcomes | Domain 7: selection of reported result | ROBINS-I overall | Cochrane risk of bias (version1) | EPHPP | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Braubach [12] | 3–4 | (0) 3–4 Ŧ | 1 | 1–4 | 2–3 | 2–3 | 2 | 3–4 | Serious–Critical | Critical | Low |
Hopton [14] | 2–4 | 1–4 | 1–2 | 1–3 | 3 | 2–3 | 2 | 2–4 | Moderate–Critical | Critical | Moderate |
Shortt [13] | 3–4 | 3–4 | 1–2 | 2–3 | 2–3 | (0) 2–3Ŧ | 2–3 | 3–4 | Serious–Critical | Critical | Moderate |
Somerville [15] | 4 | 3–4 | 1 | 1–2 | 2–3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | Critical | Critical | Moderate |
Walker [16] | 2–3 | 1–4 | 1–2 | 1–2 | (0) 2–3Ŧ | 1–3 | 2–3 | 2–3 | Moderate–Serious | Critical | Low |