Table 3 Evidence table for non-bridging studies
Author, year Study design Setting | Sample size Average age % Female | Operations included | Stent types included and average time since implantation | Antiplatelet strategy | 30-day MACE rate | Bleeding Rate | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Preoperative | Perioperative | Postoperative | ||||||||
Randomized trials | ||||||||||
Chu, 2016 [18] RCT Multi-Center Academic USA | 43 procedures, 39 patients 68 years old 37% | Abdominal Other | Not specified | Dual (C/A) (32/43) Single (clopidogrel) (11/43) | Continued clopidogrel (22/43) Held all (21/43) | Not specified | Clopidogrel: 0% (0/22) Held: 0% (0/21) | Clopidogrel: 4.5% (1/22) Held: 4.8% (1/21)1 | ||
Observational studies | ||||||||||
Assali, 2009 [16] Retrospective Single Center Academic Israel | 78 66 years old 20.5% | Abdominal Neuro Orthopedic Vascular Other | DES 468 days ± 223 | Unclear | Dual (C/A) (17/78) Single (clopidogrel or ASA) (51/78) None (10/78) | Discretion of the surgeon | Dual: 11.8% (2/17) Single: 3.9% (2/51) None: 20% (2/10) | Dual: 17.6% (3/17) Single: 13.7% (7/51) None: 30% (3/10)2 | ||
Bolad, 2011 [17] Retrospective Single Center Veterans Affairs USA | 220 66 years old 1.4% | Abdominal Endoscopy Ophthalmology Orthopedic Vascular | BMS, DES BMS: 22 months ± 17.3 DES: 18.2 months ± 12.6 | Unclear | Dual (ASA + P2Y12) (23/220) Single (ASA) (41/220) Single (P2Y12) (5/220) None (151/220) | Not specified | Dual: 4.3% (1/23) ASA: 12.2% (5/41) P2Y12: 0% (0/5) None: 6.6% (10/151) | Not Specified | ||
Brotman, 2007 [26] Retrospective Single Center Academic USA | 114 71 years old 34.3% | Abdominal Ophthalmology Orthopedic Vascular Other | BMS, DES 236 days (125–354) | Dual (C/A) (114/114) | Continued dual (24/114) Continued ASA (2/114) Held all (88/114) | Not specified | Dual: 0% (0/24) ASA: 0% (0/2) Held: 2.3% (2/88) | Dual: 0% (0/24) ASA: 0% (0/2) Held: 1.1% (1/88)3 | ||
Cerfolio, 2010 [28] Prospective Single Center Academic USA | 165 total 64 w/ stent For entire sample: 67 years old 25% | Other | BMS, DES Not specified | Dual (C/A) (14/33) Single (clopidogrel) (19/33) Single (“other”) (51/132) None (81/132) | Continued dual (14/33) Continued clopidogrel (19/33) | NA | 4.8% (1/21) | 9.5% (2/21)4, 5 | ||
Choi, 2010 [25] Prospective Single Center Academic Korea | 27 68 years old 29.6% | Not Specified | DES 97 days ± 87 | Dual (C/A) (27/27) | Held all (27/27) | Resumed when safe (median 6.5 days) | 11.1% (3/27)4 | 14.8% (4/27)4,6 | ||
Egholm, 2016 [15] Retrospective Case-control Multicenter Mixed Denmark | MACE Cohort: 109 73 years old 45.5% | Endoscopy | DES Cases: 132 days (33–248) Controls: 125 days (48–224) | ASA (91%) P2Y12 (97%) DAPT—unclear | DAPT (84/109) Single (ASA) (8/109) Single (P2Y12) (13/109) None (4/109) | 9% / 14% resumed ASA/P2Y12 within 7 days | None vs. DAPT: OR 3.46 (CI 0.49–24.71) SAPT vs. DAPT: OR 0.65 (CI 0.17–2.47) | NA | ||
Bleeding cohort: 279 71 years old 24% | DES Cases: 114 days (52–224) Controls: 166 days (70–267) | ASA (92%) P2Y12 (94%) DAPT—unclear | DAPT (217/279) Single (ASA) (24/279) Single (P2Y12) (23/279) None (15/279) | 15% / 20% resumed ASA/P2Y12 within 7 days | NA | 0 Events | ||||
Hawn, 2013 [1] Retrospective Case-control Subset Multicenter Veterans Affairs USA | 41,989 total 568 in sub-sample For entire sample: 80.6% ≥ 60 years old 1.6% Female | Abdominal Endoscopy Neuro Ophthalmology Orthopedic Vascular Other | BMS, DES For entire sample: 5% < 6 weeks 21% 6 weeks–6 months 26% 6–12 months 48% 12–24 months | Dual (C/A) (328/568) | Continued dual (216/328) Continued ASA (36/328) Continued clopidogrel (14/328) All therapy held (62/328) | Not specified | All odds ratios not statistically different from 1.0 | Not Specified | ||
Single (ASA) (173/568) | Continued ASA (143/173) Held ASA (30/173) | |||||||||
Single (clopidogrel) (33/568) | Continued clopidogrel (22/33) Held clopidogrel (11/33) | |||||||||
None (34/568) | None (34/34) | |||||||||
Tanaka, 2014 [27] Retrospective Single Center Academic Japan | 111 71 years old 13.5% | Endoscopy Other | DES 674 days ± 393 | Dual (ASA + P2Y12) (93/111) Single (ASA) (12/111) Coumadin (9/111) | Held all (111/111) | Resumed when safe (mean 2 days) | Combined event rate: 2.7% (3/111)7 | Not Specified | ||
Yamamoto, 2014 [32] Retrospective Single Center Academic Japan | 151 70 years old 18% | Abdominal Neuro Orthopedic Vascular Other | BMS, DES Not specified | Dual (ASA + P2Y12) (114/151) | Continued dual (63/151) | “Dual APT Group” (63/151) | Not specified | 0%4 | Dual APT group: 9.5% (6/63) Single APT -Heparin: 2.9% (2/68) Single APT + Heparin: 0% (0/20)4,8 | |
Held P2Y12 (51/151) | “Single APT Group” (88/151) | (+) Heparin (20/88) | ||||||||
Single (ASA) (37/151) | Continued ASA (37/151) | (−) Heparin (68/88) | ||||||||