Outcomes | Comments and/or Examples of specific measures |
---|---|
Secondary outcomes: | |
 Death | Rarely used an outcome due to ethical concerns regarding animal welfare |
 Infarct size | Variety of quantifiable techniques (e.g. histological staining, nuclear imaging) |
 Cardiac function | Echocardiography |
â—¦ cardiac output | |
â—¦ left ventricle end diastolic diameter | |
â—¦ left ventricle end systolic diameter | |
â—¦ fractional shortening | |
Cardiac catheterization | |
â—¦ cardiac output | |
â—¦ left ventricular end diastolic pressure | |
â—¦ left ventricular end systolic pressure | |
â—¦ mean pulmonary artery pressure | |
â—¦ right atrial pressure | |
 Biochemical outcomes | Proinflammatory cytokines |
â—¦ interleukin-1beta, 6 | |
â—¦ tumour necrosis factor-alpha | |
Anti-inflammatory cytokines | |
â—¦ interleukin-10 | |
â—¦ transforming growth factor-beta1, 2, 3 | |
 Vessel density | Histological staining and quantification of vessels in cardiac tissue |
Tertiary outcomes: | |
 Cellular retention | Imaging and quantification of labelled cells in host tissue |
 Cellular differentiation | Measurement of cardiac troponin in donor cells retained in host tissue |