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Table 4 Effects of intervention

From: Telemedicine with clinical decision support for critical care: a systematic review

Mortality

 Lilly et al. (2011)

Hospital mortality

ICU mortality

 Pre-intervention (n = 1529)

13.6 %

10.7 %

 Telemedicine (n = 4761)

11.8 %

8.6 %

 Difference

1.8 %

2.1 %

 Adjusted odds ratio

OR, 0.40; CI, 0.31–0.52; p = .05

OR, 0.37; CI, 0.28–0.49; p = .003

Lilly et al. (2014)

Hospital mortality

ICU mortality

 Control group (n = 11,558)

11 %

8 %

 Telemedicine (n = 107,432)

10 %

6 %

 Difference

1 %

2 %

 Adjusted hazard ratio

HR, 0.84; CI, 0.78–0.89; p = <.001

HR, 0.74; CI, 0.68–0.79; p = <.001

Length of stay

Lilly et al. (2011)

Hospital length of stay

ICU length of stay

 Pre-intervention (n = 1529)

13.3 days

6.4 days

 Telemedicine (n = 4761)

9.8 days

4.5 days

 Difference

3.5 days

1.9 days

 Adjusted hazard ratio

HR, 1.44; CI, 1.33–1.56; p < .001

HR, 1.26; CI, 1.17–1.36; p < .001

Lilly et al. (2014)

Hospital length of stay

ICU length of stay

 Control group (n = 11,558)

  

 Telemedicine (n = 107,432)

  

 Adjusted LOS difference

15 % shorter; CI, 14–17 %; p < .001

20 % shorter; CI, 19–22 %; p < .001

Adherence to best practice

Lilly et al. (2011)

DVT prophylaxis

SU prophylaxis

 Pre-intervention

85 % (1299/1527)

83 % (1253/1505)

 Telemedicine

99 % (4707/4733)

96 % (4550/4760)

 Odds ratio

15.4; CI, 11.3–21.1; p < .001

4.57; CI, 3.91–5.77; p < .001

Lilly et al. (2011)

Cardiovascular protection

VAP prevention

  Pre-intervention

80 % (311/391)

33 % (190/582)

  Telemedicine

99 % (2866/2894)

52 % (770/1492)

  Odds ratio

30.7; CI, 19.3–49.2; p < .001

2.20; CI, 1.79–2.70; p < .001

Preventable complication rates

Lilly et al. (2011)

VAP

CRBSI

AKI

  Pre-intervention

13 % (76/584)

1.0 % (19/1529)

12 % (174/1452)

  Telemedicine

1.6 % (32/1949)

0.6 % (29/4761)

12 % (540/4565)

  Odds ratio

0.15; CI, 0.09–0.23; p < .001

0.50; CI, 0.27–0.93; p = .005

1.00; CI, 0.71–1.69; p = .38